Town church Durlach
The town church Durlach is a Protestant hall church in Durlach , the origins of which go back to the 13th century. It was rebuilt several times over the centuries and received its current baroque appearance in 1701 .
history
When the city was founded by the Staufer (1192–1196), a small Romanesque church with a long nave of 20 meters was built. In 1255 the church ("ecclesia in Durlach") and pastor in Durlach are mentioned for the first time. It was dedicated to St. Stephen (or Laurentius ). The restoration in the 1960s gave clues to the older building history, but did not allow a reconstruction of the oldest building structure. As an extension of the northern tower wall, remains of the foundation were found in an easterly direction. A west tower was built onto the single-nave Romanesque nave, the basement of which has been preserved. At the beginning of the 15th century, the Gothic style church was extended with two aisles and the tower was raised by an octagonal storey. The nave was closed in the east with a long choir. The vaulted Holy Cross Chapel with a polygonal east end was added to the original south side of the choir before 1460. The church was consecrated (again) to Stephen in 1464.
The current floor plan dates back to around 1530. By extending the hall church to the east, the choir was shortened to about half. The Holy Cross Chapel gave way to the new south aisle.
On August 15 and 16, 1689, French troops burned the town and church down in the War of the Palatinate Succession ; only the lower half of the tower remained. The church was rebuilt between 1698 and 1700 by Giovanni Mazza, court architect from Rastatt, based on designs by Domenico Egidio Rossi and Thomas Lefèbvre . It was rededicated on March 27, 1701. Before that, the congregation had gathered in a wooden emergency church for ten years. During the reconstruction, the Gothic outer walls remained. A sacristy was added to the south side of the choir . In 1739 the tower was given its baroque dome based on a design by Rossi after a temporary roof had served as a temporary solution for several decades.
A western gallery was created for the new organ in 1758/59. Two-storey side galleries were built in in 1770 and expanded in 1792, and the upper galleries were removed in 1923/33.
In 1871 four colored windows were installed in the choir. The south side received a colored window in 1875.
Windows and doors as well as parts of the roof fell victim to the air raid on November 5, 1944. In 1955 and 1956 the choir windows and those on the south side were replaced. A church renovation from 1963 to 1968 focused on the choir. In 1992 the exterior was renovated. From 1997 to 1999 the nave was renovated, the choir area enlarged and a new organ installed. On October 31, 1999, the church was put back into use. The renovation work was completed in 2003 with the repair of the church tower.
architecture
The three-aisled, east-facing and flat-roofed hall church is largely influenced by the Baroque era, but still has partly Gothic outer walls. In the east, the nave is continued in a polygonal 3/8 choir end, which was built on the foundations of the 15th century and is supported by buttresses. The apse is raised by three steps and is separated from the nave by a round-arched triumphal arch . It receives light through five pointed arched stained glass windows , while the long sides have arched windows. The nave is dominated by two rows of round columns. Each row consists of a half-column at the beginning and end and three free-standing columns, which are closed by square cover plates and merge into flat round arches.
Due to the wet subsoil (Murg-Kinzig-Graben), the tower was built on stilts. The inside of the tower has been stabilized by concrete since 1960. It has four floors and reflects different building eras. The lower Romanesque tower half is square and has round-arched double arcades, while the second floor from the Gothic is octagonal and has eight pointed arcades. A baroque hood crowns the tower, the 163 steps of which lead to a circumferential gallery at a height of around 33 meters.
Furnishing
The sandstone crucifix from the 16th century comes from the school of Niclas Gerhaert van Leyden . After the Second World War, it was moved from the cemetery at Basler Tor to the Prinzessenbau and installed in the choir in 1967.
14 graves of noble people from the 16th and 17th centuries were discovered in the nave. Four large panels are erected under the organ gallery on the west wall, three small ones are attached to the staircases to the gallery.
The wooden circumferential gallery is built into the nave in a horseshoe shape and integrated into the round pillars. It takes up the entire wall on the north side and extends to the fourth column on the south side. In the west it is concave inward and rests on two wooden pillars. The simple church stalls, which are made of wood-transparent, are rounded off on the sides with curved cheeks.
On the right side of the triumphal arch is the pulpit (before 1770), which is richly decorated with gilded rocailles on a white background. It was moved from Karlsburg to Durlach at the end of the 18th century. The spherical pulpit is matched by the round sound cover. In front of the pulpit is a modern, simple lectern.
The altar dates from around 1770 and was reworked in 1792 in the classicism style with gilded garlands and an acanthus wreath. The octagonal font was designed around 1790.
At the beginning of the 18th century, an unknown artist created the twelve images of the apostles, which were extensively restored in 2002 after being stored for decades. Albert Finck designed four windows in the choir room (war victims memory window 1955, Diakonie window, window The transfigured Savior and the praise of the community and the martyr window 1956) and Berthold Rosewich the window on the south side (Beatitude window, 1999).
organ
There is evidence of a new organ built in 1609. After the church was rebuilt, in 1712 the community initially acquired a small organ from Oberrot. In 1758/59 the brothers Johann Philipp and Johann Heinrich Stumm created a large instrument that had 39 registers on three manuals and a pedal. The late baroque prospectus with the three original principal registers has been preserved. In the middle of the nine-axis prospect stands the main work with a low central corner tower with nine pipes and two flanking round towers with seven pipes each, which are connected by two rectangular flat fields with 13 pipes each. Corresponding above, the positive is attached in the same width with a central corner tower and two curved flat fields. On the outside there is the pedal work with two large harp fields (each with 5 pipes) and smaller flanking corner towers (each with seven pipes). The pipe fields with their different sizes and different shapes give the instrument its unmistakable character. The cornices are richly profiled above and below, and the wood-view prospect is decorated with openwork, gilded veils . Acanthus bands run below the fields. Various musical instruments are delicately worked into the carved organ ears on the sides.
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In the 19th century the instrument was expanded to 46 registers. In 1893 the organ commisair Andreas Barner came to the conclusion that the organ was "extremely damaged" and recommended a new building. Heinrich Voit from Durlach built a new work as op. 851 in 1895/96 with 41 voices and a free-standing console, but retained the Stumm prospectus by resolution of the municipal council and against Barner's council.
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Due to heating damage, the pneumatic plant was barely operational in the 1950s, so that it was replaced in 1968 by Oberlinger using five Voit registers behind the historical prospectus. The Oberlinger organ had 45 registers, as seven more pedal registers were added on a rear drawer.
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Due to technical defects and the use of inferior material, this organ became more and more prone to failure, so that in 1993 Orgelbau Goll was commissioned to build a new one. The aim was not to reconstruct the Stumm organ, but to get closer to its disposition . The unused parts of the Oberlinger organ were reused in 2003 for a new organ in St. Casimir (Vilnius) . In 1999 the new factory in Durlach was completed, which included the five Voit registers that had been preserved. Of the total of 2,660 pipes, 236 are made of wood. Today the instrument has the following disposition:
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- Coupling : I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P (as trains and steps)
- Zimbelstern
- Playing aids : 8 × 8 × 20-fold setting system
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Mood :
- Height a 1 = 440 Hz at 16 ° C
- slightly unequal tuning (with perfect fifths on c sharp, d flat, f sharp and g sharp)
- Remarks
- S = mute (1759)
- V = Voit (1896)
Bells
In 1698 the first bell for the city church was cast in Stuttgart. In 1785 another was mentioned by A. Speck (Heidelberg). One bell had to be given up in 1917 for armament purposes. In 1922 a new bell was installed by the Bachert bell foundry (Karlsruhe). The Luther bell from that year has been preserved. The other three were cast by the same company in 1951.
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No. |
Surname |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
inscription |
| 1 | Christ bell | 1,288 | 1,220 | dis 1 +8 | SEE I AM WITH YOU ALL DAYS UNTIL THE END OF THE WORLD. (Mt 28:20) |
| 2 | Stephen Bell | 1,075 | 714 | f sharp 1 +8 | BE TRUE UNTIL DEATH, HOW I WILL GIVE YOU THE CROWN OF LIFE. (Rev 2,9) |
| 3 | Paul Bell | 953 | 506 | g sharp 1 +6 | BUT THE GOD OF HOPE FILL YOU WITH ALL JOY AND PEACE, BELIEVING THAT YOU HAVE COMPLETE HOPE through the POWER OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. (Rom 15:13) |
| 4th | Luther bell | 785 | 285 | h 1 +6 | GOD IS OUR CONFIDENCE AND STRENGTH, A HELP IN THE GREAT NEEDS THAT HAPPENED US. THE LORD'S WORD REMAINS IN EEGITY: THE WORD YOU SHOULD STAH'N AND HAVE NO THANKS FOR IT .. (Ps 46,2; Isa 40,8b; Luther) |
local community
The Evangelical City Church Congregation belongs to the Evangelical Church in Karlsruhe and has about 5000 members and since 2000 a group parish with two parish offices (former north and south parish). The Am Zwinger parish hall, which was renovated and expanded in 2004, is also used for cultural events. The church music at the Durlach town church is of supraregional importance. From 1976 to 2006, Hans Martin Corrinth worked here as cantor and organist. His successor has been Johannes Blomenkamp since 2007, who as district cantor is also responsible for the entire church district.
literature
- Hans-Georg Ulrichs (ed.): God's house on the market - The Evangelical parish hall on the Zwinger. Contributions to the present and history of the Protestant town church community Durlach. Durlach 2006.
- Susanne Asche: Catholics and Protestants - the Protestant town church. In: Pfinzgaumuseum, south and north parish of the Evangelical City Church Durlach, Catholic parish St. Peter and Paul Durlach (ed.): Protestants and Catholics. The Durlach city churches. Karlsruhe 2000, pp. 9-50, 102-108.
- Durlacher Förderkreis für Kirchenmusik eV (Ed.): The organ of the town church Durlach. Festschrift for the organ inauguration on the 4th Sunday in Advent 1999. Karlsruhe 1999.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Monument Day 2012: Evangelical City Church Durlach , as seen on December 24, 2012.
- ↑ a b kirchennetz.info: Evangelische Stadtkirchen-Gemeinde Durlach ( Memento of the original from December 7th, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , seen December 24, 2012.
- ↑ Durlacher Förderkreis für Kirchenmusik eV (Ed.): The organ of the city church Durlach. 1999, pp. 8, 15.
- ↑ Durlacher Förderkreis für Kirchenmusik eV (Ed.): The organ of the city church Durlach. 1999, pp. 11, 16.
- ↑ Durlacher Förderkreis für Kirchenmusik eV (Ed.): The organ of the city church Durlach. 1999, pp. 13, 17.
- ↑ durlacher-kantorei.de: Music at the city church Durlach , seen July 6, 2015.
- ↑ Durlacher Förderkreis für Kirchenmusik eV (Ed.): The organ of the city church Durlach. 1999, p. 18.
- ↑ kirchennetz.info: Community life ( memento of the original from January 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , seen December 24, 2012.
Web links
- kirchennetz.info: Homepage
- ka.stadtwiki.net: City Church Durlach
- Music at the city church Durlach
- Hans-Georg Ulrichs: Church history - thought regionally, presented locally (PDF file; 157 kB)
Coordinates: 48 ° 59 ′ 56 ″ N , 8 ° 28 ′ 17 ″ E