City Church St. Bonifatius (Treffurt)
The St. Bonifatius Church is the Protestant town church of the city of Treffurt in the northern Wartburg district . It is located on the church square in the center of the old town and is a listed building .
history
The Treffurt city church occupies a remarkable location within the high medieval city. The church is based on a central slope on a narrow rock nose that has now been built over, so the surrounding church square first had to be prepared with meter-high supporting walls and pillars.
“ According to tradition, the church goes back to the founding of St. Boniface . However, the oldest parts of today's building, choir and transept with three apses , date from around 1230. The church originally had the rare shape of a cross with equal arms , the western leg of which the actual nave was extended later - probably in 1341 - and with a broad one Saddle tower was provided. The east side, transept and choir are built in the so-called transitional style and have pointed arched vaults with ribs. Stylistically, the church is close to the early Gothic Mühlhausen churches and, like these, shows the influence of a southern German building school. "
The ground-level north portal (main entrance) with a zigzag motif in the semicircular tympanum, which is unusual in West Thuringia, is striking . The south portal is accessed via a set of stairs.
“ The Cistercian, early Gothic character of the eastern parts (of the nave ) dating from around 1260 cannot be overlooked . The portals on the north and south fronts of the transept are richly decorated, the northern one , which was restored in the 19th century, is particularly beautiful. ... The portal has three recesses with columns, whereby, reminiscent of a northern French motif, the angular parts of the vestments like the archivolt are decorated with double zigzag rods. "
The now single-nave nave and the striking bell tower crowned with a turret had, according to figurative tradition, at times a top floor level made of half-timbering, which was renovated in the 19th century in a neo-Romanesque style.
From 1265 a pastor Ernestus is mentioned as the city's first pastor. In 1534 Andreas Menzer became the first Lutheran-Reformed pastor by the Hessian Landgrave Philipp I used. For the 16th - 18th centuries, no data on renovations and extensions are available. However, during this time additions were made for a school, the sacristy and a church apartment on the south side. Remnants of these foundations are still there today. In addition, galleries were built into the nave. Between 1866 and 1868 the church was rebuilt and restored on a large scale. The galleries were removed again.
Another restoration was carried out between 1930 and 1932. The Gothic ceiling paintings on the cross vault in the north transept were renewed and the painter Fritz Leweke added new paintings in the crossing and in the choir. The latter were removed in 1975 for monument protection reasons. Between 1986 and 1995 various works by the Erfurt metal artist Helmut Griese were displayed in the church.
The construction defects identified in a static inspection in 1996 required quick action, in 1997 the renovation of the tower began, followed by the new roofing of the absiden, work on the portals, the staircase and the retaining walls.
Interior decoration
The interior decoration of the church was made at different times: the pulpit support dates back to the 13th century, the few remains of the wall painting were made before 1500. The Gothic winged altar dates from around 1450. This altar comes from the "Eisenach School" and shows the burial in the middle Jesus , the two side wings show the holy clan on the left and the adoration of Jesus by the three kings on the right. The back of the wings bear pictorial representations of Saint Catherine and the beheading of John the Baptist. Figures of four of the 14 helpers are located in the northern choir, these statues represent the holy helpers Antonius the Hermit, Catherine, Margaret and Christopher. The great crucifix dates back to the 16th century. The organ is a work by Friedrich Petersilie from 1867 with 24 stops on two manuals and pedal .
Tombstones
On the south side of the church there are three already badly damaged epitaphs , they belong to members of the Treffurt Burgmann families. According to Gustav Sommer (1881), these are Friedrich von Trott († 1606), Anna von Harstall († 1580) and Hermann von Harstall († 1579).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Helmut Grimm: From the history of the Treffurt Bonifatius Church. Home pages 92 of the Eisenacher country. EP Report 3. Marburg, 1993. p. 71
- ^ Helmut Scherf: Architectural and art monuments in the city and district of Eisenach. Eisenacher Schriften zur Heimatkunde issue 12. Eisenach 1980 pp. 47-53
- ^ City administration of Treffurt (publisher): 10 years of urban renewal in Treffurt. Heiligenstadt 2001. S. 82f.
- ↑ Grimm: From the history of the Treffurter Bonifatiuskirche. Heimatblätter 92 ... p. 71
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved July 13, 2020 .
- ↑ Jürgen Runzheimer : The grave slabs in the old churchyard. In: Treffurt and Normannstein Castle. 24 essays on history. Gladenbach 2004. pp. 122-128.
Coordinates: 51 ° 8 ′ 16.4 " N , 10 ° 14 ′ 12.3" E