Holly
Holly | ||||||||||||
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European holly ( Ilex aquifolium ), illustration. |
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Aquifoliales | ||||||||||||
Mustard |
Holly (Aquifoliales) are an order within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida).
description
They are mostly woody plants with alternate leaves and very small stipules . The flowers are usually very small. They usually form stone fruits .
Systematics and distribution
The Aquifoliales are the most basal group within the Euasterids II , i.e. the sister group of all other Euasterids II.
They are mainly found in the tropics .
In the order of the holly-like (Aquifoliales) there are five families with about 21 genera and about 536 species:
- Holly family (Aquifoliaceae, Syn .: Ilicaceae): There is only one genus:
- Holly ( Ilex ): Contains 400 to 600 species.
- Cardiopteridaceae (including Leptaulaceae and Peripterygiaceae ): The five to six genera with 43 to 45 species thrive in the tropics of South America , Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands and eastern Australia. They are climbing plants .
- Helwingiaceae: There is only one genus:
- Phyllonomaceae: There is only one genus:
- Phyllonoma : The fouror sospecies occur in the Neotropics from Mexico to Peru and are shrubs or small trees.
- Stemonuraceae : The approximately twelve genera with approximately 80 woody species thrive in the tropics of the Pacific region from Southeast Asia to Australian Queensland .
swell
- The order of the Aquifoliales on the AP website . (engl.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .
Web links
Commons : Holly-like (Aquifoliales) - Collection of images, videos, and audio files