Stefan Bogoridi

Stefan Bogoridi ( Bulgarian Стефан Богориди .., Gr Στέφανος Βογορίδης, Turkish Stefanaki Bey, rum Ştefan Vogoride.) Born when Stojko Zonkow Stójków (bulg. Стойко Цонков Стойков * 1775 in Kotel ; † 1. August 1859 in Istanbul ) was a foreign policy Adviser to two sultans and member of the Tanzimat Council. He was Phanariot , of Bulgarian origin, a grandson of Sophronius von Wraza , brother of Atanas Bogoridi and father of Aleksandar and Nikola Bogoridi.

Life

As a young boy, his family sent him to the famous Colegiul Sfântul Sava in Bucharest , where he replaced his maiden name Stojko with Stefan. He took the name Bogoridi in honor of Tsar Boris I of. After finishing the college, Bogoridi worked as a teacher in Istanbul for a few years. Bogoridi joined the Ottoman Navy as a dragoman in 1799 .

In 1812 he was brought to Moldova by Prince Scarlat Callimachi . There he acted until 1819 as prefect of Galați on the lower Danube , where a large Bulgarian community in exile lived. During the Filiki Eteria and the subsequent Greek Revolution , Bogoridi led Wallachia from autumn 1821 to July 1822 as Kaymakam (a kind of governor). After the counter-attack by the Ottoman troops, he was appointed Kamaikam of the Principality of Moldova in 1822 . Between 1823 and 1828 he was again a dragoman in the Ottoman fleet.

After the Russo-Ottoman War (1828-1829) he took part in the negotiations for the Peace of Adrianople as a member of the Ottoman delegation. For his services, he was appointed foreign policy adviser by Sultan Mahmud II . In the following 30 years he took part in all important decisions and negotiations of the Sublime Porte . Stefan Bogoridi was one of the signatories to the London Protocol , which sealed Greece's sovereignty . He also took part in negotiations that regulated the status of the Danube principalities and Serbia , as well as in the negotiations on the Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi .

During this time Sultan Mahmud II raised Bogoridi to Knjaz (German prince; Turkish Bey ; Gr. In 1834 he was appointed administrator of the island of Samos by the sultan . Bogoridi named the capital of the island Vathy in Stefanopolis (Gr. Στεφανούπολις), but visited the island only once in 1839. Until 1850 he administered Samos from Istanbul. Under pressure from the dissatisfied population, he was replaced as administrator of the island by Oikogeneia Kallimachi in 1850.

Under Abdülmecid I , Bogoridi not only remained an advisor to the Sultan, he also became a member of the Tanzimat Council. He was considered one of the most influential reformers and influenced the conversion of the Millet system , so that it guaranteed the non-Muslim population in the Ottoman Empire more rights.

In Istanbul Knjaz Stefan Bogoridi took part in the struggle for an independent Bulgarian church , following the example of his grandfather Sophronius von Wraza . In 1848 he wrote a petition to the Sultan asking for permission to build a Bulgarian church in Istanbul, where mass was to be held in Bulgarian and by Bulgarian priests. In August 1849 he received special permission from the Sultan to build a Bulgarian Orthodox Church. In the same year he donated the property and three houses, including the building of the first Bulgarian church in the Fener district of Istanbul. The church was consecrated on October 9, 1849 in his honor under the name Sweti Stefan . It later became the seat of the Bulgarian Exarchate .

He also supported the Greek school in his hometown of Kotel and awarded scholarships to young Bulgarians for their training in Istanbul or abroad, including for Gawril Krastewitsch and Georgi Rakowski .

Literature and individual references

RJ Crampton: A Concise History of Bulgaria , Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-521-61637-9
Mathias Bernath / Felix von Schroeder: Biographical Lexicon for the History of Southeast Europe , Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 1979, ISBN 3-486-48991-7
Raymond Detrez: Historical dictionary of Bulgaria , Scarecrow Pr., 1997, ISBN 0-8108-3177-5 , pp. 54-55
Assen Nicoloff: The Bulgarian Resurgence , University of Michigan Press, 1987, ISBN 0-9609560-3-4
Maria Todorova: Stefan Bogoridi. A Bulgarian Phanariote in the Ottoman Empire in Eastern Europe in het verleden. Liber Amicorum ZR Dittrich , Wolters-Noordhoff / Forsten Verlag, Utrecht, 1987, pp. 171-187

Web links

personal data
SURNAME	Bogoridi, Stefan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Vogoridis, Stefan; Stefanaki Bey; Stojkow, Stojko Zonkow (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Bulgarian politician, Ottoman civil servant, Kaymakam of the Principality of Moldova
DATE OF BIRTH	1775
PLACE OF BIRTH	Kotel
DATE OF DEATH	August 1, 1859
Place of death	Istanbul