Stiff verbena
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Verbena rigida ( Verbena rigida ) |
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The stiffness verbena ( Verbena rigida ) is a flowering plant in the family of the iron herb plants (Verbenaceae). It is widespread in South America and is used as an ornamental plant.
description
Appearance and leaf
In Verbena rigida is up to an upright projecting, rough hairy until fluffy perennial herbaceous plant of 30 cm is reached, the plant height of 20 to 100 cm and plant diameter. It forms root tubers as persistence organs and the subterranean shoot axes are branched. However, their varieties are usually cultivated as an annual plant . The aboveground stems, which are simple or not very branched, are square.
Their opposite leaves are sessile. The simple, stiff leaf blade encompasses half of the stem and is 3 to 10 cm long and 1 to 2.5 cm wide and elongated-lanceolate with a pointed upper end. The leaf margins are serrated or serrated away. The leaf veins are clearly visible.
Inflorescence, flower and fruit
The flowering period begins in mid-summer. The terminal, loose total inflorescence contains dense, short, wide, spiked partial inflorescences on long inflorescence axes . The lanceolate-awl bracts are longer than the calyx.
The very showy, hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold and slightly zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . Five green, hairy sepals have grown together to form a 4 to 6 mm long calyx. The five light to intensely violet petals are fused into a curved, 8 to 10 mm long, narrow, curved tube, which is two to three times longer than the calyx; the crown has a diameter of 5 to 10 mm. There is only one circle with four stamens , which inserts below half the length of the corolla tube and does not protrude above it. Two carpels have become an ellipsoidal, bare ovary grown. The stylus is half as long as the corolla tube and the scar is almost head-shaped.
There are fruit capsules formed.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 42.
Dissemination and use
The home of Verbena rigida is Venezuela , Bolivia , Paraguay , Uruguay ; in Brazil the states: Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo; in Argentina the states: Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Tucuman; in Chile the province of Santiago. Verbena rigida thrives particularly well in coastal regions.
Verbena rigida is overgrown in many countries .
Verbena was first introduced in England in 1830 and only a few years later appeared in German gardens. Their varieties can be used as ornamental plants , especially for flower borders in gardens and green spaces. Some varieties (selection) are 'Lilac Blue', 'Polaris' ®, 'Santos', 'Violet Blue'.
Systematics
The first publication of Verbena rigida was made in 1827 by Kurt Sprengel in Systema Vegetabilium , editio decima sexta, Voluminis 4, pars 2, p 230 Synonyms for are Verbena rigida Spreng. : Verbena bonariensis fo. venosa (Gillies & Hook.) Voss , Verbena bonariensis var. rigida (Spreng.) Kuntze , Verbena bonariensis var. venosa (Gillies & Hook.) Chodat , Verbena doniana Steud. , Verbena rigida fo. alba (Trivetts) Moldenke , Verbena rigida fo. lilacina (Benary & Bodger ex W. Harrow) Moldenke , Verbena rigida fo. obovata Hayek , Verbena rigida fo. paraguayensis Moldenke , Verbena rigida var. alba Moldenke , Verbena rigida var. glandulifera Moldenke , Verbena rigida var. obovata (Hayek) Moldenke , Verbena rigida var. reineckii (Briq.) Moldenke , Verbena rugosa D.Don , Verbena scaberrima Cham. , Verbena scabra Marnock , Verbena venosa Gillies & Hook. , Verbena venosa var. Alba Trivetts , Verbena venosa var. Lilacina Benary & Bodger ex W. Harrow , Verbena venosa var. Reinckii Briq.
swell
- Datasheet at Electronic Flora of South Australia species Fact Sheet . (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ^ Verbena rigida at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ A b c Verbena rigida in Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ^ Verbena rigida at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
