Enclosure of the castle and public gardens
| Enclosure of the castle and public gardens | |
|---|---|
 On the right the portal seen from the Burgtheater. At the back left is the ventilation outlet of the Burgtheater |
|
| Data | |
| place | Vienna 1 , Burgring |
| builder | Moritz von Loehr |
| Client | kk Hofärar / City of Vienna |
| Architectural style | historicism |
| Construction year | 1863-64 |
| height | 4.25 m |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 12 '33.2 " N , 16 ° 21' 40.3" E |
| particularities | |
| Part of the Volksgarten monument protection ensemble and UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Center of Vienna | |
The enclosure of the Burggarten and Volksgarten is on the Burgring in Vienna's 1st district, Inner City . It is a part of the Burg and Volksgarten , as well as a defensive structure for the Hofburg , and is a listed building and is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Historic Center of Vienna .
Location description
At the time the New Castle was being built , several cast-iron works were commissioned. This includes the long and high fence that encloses and protects the entire area. The fence begins at the Palm House in the Burggarten and encompasses the Burggarten towards Goethegasse , then along the Burgring past the Corps de Logis , to the Outer Burgtor and then along the Ringstrasse around the Volksgarten to the Burgtheater . There it stretches along Löwelstrasse to the east, where it separates and closes the Volksgarten from Heldenplatz .
history
On the bastions that were blown up by the French in 1809, gardens were built on both sides of the then newly built castle gate: the castle garden as a private garden for the emperor from 1816 to 1819 , and the Volksgarten northwest of the castle gate from 1819 to 1823. The Volksgarten was the first public park in Vienna. During the construction of the Vienna Ringstrasse , the Volksgarten was enlarged considerably in 1883. Both parks were provided with a new fence in 1864 according to plans by Moritz von Loehr . The grid was cast by the Fürst Salmschen Einsengießerei, Blansko . In 1883 the Volksgarten was enlarged in the direction of the Burgtheater , which was then under construction . The fence was continued in the old manner. The fences may come from an older stock. As part of the expansion, a new iron portal with stone pillars was built on the northern front of the Volksgarten, opposite the Burgtheater. When the castle gate was rebuilt in 1933 and 1934, the fencing on both sides of the gate was opened for a monumental stone-iron portal. In 1967 there was another interruption. The monument to Julius Raab was integrated into the fence across from Parliament . The grating along Goethegasse is from the post-war period.
architecture
The fence has a total length of 1065 meters and has 92 lighting fixtures.
The enclosure of the Burg- und Volksgarten consists of a stone plinth over which a monumental iron grille with lighting fixtures rises. The grid is divided into individual fields by means of strongly profiled iron pillars. Each of the fields consists of a richly ornamented zone with vertical rungs located directly above the base. Lance-shaped rods rise above it and are connected to one another by a horizontal band just below their crown. The pillars are in the shape of a candelabra . They have a high base zone. A fluted column with an iron tip rises above it. Every fourth pillar is crowned by an eight-legged lantern with an attached crown.
According to Alois Kieslinger, the foundation depth of the fence is 7.60 meters - originally 1.90 meters was planned. However, the official archive files do not reveal the actual depth. Due to the embankments, it is assumed that the foundation depths differ. The base of the fence, made of Leithakalk , has an average height of 95 cm, the maximum is 120 cm. The lattice is 3.25 meters high, the lanterns tower above it by one meter. A grid field has a width of 2.93 meters. The pillars, like the grilles, are largely made of cast iron. The upper pair of bands that connect the tips together is made of wrought iron .
The pier shafts are 124 mm thick, those lance-shaped, round rods measure 30 mm in diameter.
The middle part of the lower ornamental zone was cast in one piece, the rods were then inserted individually and connected by an iron band and screws. The lance-shaped tips were screwed on afterwards. The anchoring of the pillars in the stone base was carried out with screw nuts. The grid field on the pillar was hung in such a way that it only had to be attached to the iron bands with screws. At the lower end, the grid field stands up on the stone base. Originally the grille was richly gilded .
- Stone pillar portal
The stone pillar portal serves as the northward entrance and exit of the Volksgarten. It stands exactly in the main axis of the French garden of the Volksgarten and thus forms the counterpart to the Grillparzer monument erected in 1889 . The main line of sight of this garden is not aimed at the transverse main building axis of the Burgtheater in the form of the vestibule wing, but at the edge of the wing behind. The view from the castle theater is blocked today by the porch. The gate is integrated into the perimeter fence of the Volksgarten. It consists of two approximately 4.5 meter high stone pillars that support a two-winged, two-part wrought-iron gate, which is half-open and allows pedestrians to enter and vehicles fully open.
In its structure, it takes over that of the enclosure, the waist-high stone wall of which is continued in the column base and closed sheet metal, the lattice compaction up to head height is included as well as the height of the fence tip in the column capital .
The columns themselves are presented as a potpourri of reduced antique-like form elements. They are provided with wide, layered Corinthian pilasters and decorated with round segment gables above the entablature. The rest of the column indicates a corner cuboid . The pillars are raised by volute-covered attachments. The base is unadorned and takes the cornice of the fence wall with it.
The ornamentation of the iron gate corresponds to the border fence, with vertical bars and horizontal bands, with several rows of lily and cross elements and a row of rings, the halberd-like fence points alternately offset in height.
Enclosure of the castle garden
Enclosure of the Volksgarten
Reconstructed coloring at the castle gate
Reconstructed coloring, detail
Reconstructed coloring, detail
literature
- Renate Wagner-Rieger (Ed.): The Vienna Ringstrasse. Image of an era. Volume XI. The construction technology of the Vienna Ringstrasse Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH, Wiesbaden 1970, ISBN, p. 257f.
Web links
- Entry on Josef Meinrad Platz - Burgtheater - Town Hall in the Austria Forum (Panorama Lexicon) , photo Johann Stockinger & BMBWK; Image and viewer on aeiou.at - the outside of the portal is on the far right in the panorama image
Individual evidence
- ^ Vienna - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. ( Memento of April 11, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF), ( CSV ). Federal Monuments Office , status: January 18, 2018.
- ↑ Official map of the world cultural heritage "Historic Center of Vienna" (accessed on May 31, 2018)
- ↑ a b c d e f g Renate Wagner-Rieger (Ed.): The Vienna Ringstrasse. Image of an era. Volume XI. The construction technology of the Vienna Ringstrasse Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH, Wiesbaden 1970, ISBN, p. 257f.
- ^ Alois Kieslinger: Die Wiener Ringstrasse, Volume 4: Die Steine der Wiener Ringstrasse , Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH, Wiesbaden 1972, ISBN 978-3515002028 , p. 24
- ^ Günther Buchinger, Gerd Pichler, u. a .: Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria: Vienna. 1st district - Inner City. 1st edition. Verlag Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6 , p. 948 ( limited preview in the Google book search).