Spital am Pyhrn Abbey
The Spital am Pyhrn Abbey is a former collegiate community in Spital am Pyhrn in Upper Austria in the Kirchdorf an der Krems district in the Traunviertel .
history
founding
It is not certain whether Emperor Heinrich II donated the land on the Pyhrn to the diocese of Bamberg . The acquisition probably dates back to around 1060. It is noticeable that there was a large courtyard at the later location of the monastery around 1128. But not there, but further north towards Windischgarsten , the first hospice was founded on the way over the Pyhrn by Otto I of Bamberg , which only existed for a short time. A Valentine's Church in Windischgarsten was also likely to have been built at that time.
During the 3rd crusade , Bishop Otto II of Bamberg founded a hospital at the court at the foot of the Pyhrn in 1190, which he handed over to a lay brotherhood. Due to large noble donations from the 13th century, the manor soon encompassed large parts of the basin of Windischgarsten and Stoder. The hospitaller was an important Bamberg official for a long time. The hospital was converted into a collegiate monastery in 1418 with a dean at its head and experienced a great cultural boom in the late Middle Ages. The "Dom am Pyhrn", which, in contrast to most medieval church buildings, is remarkably not geosted , achieved great wealth. The monastery building burned down in 1502. After the reconstruction with the support of Emperor Maximilian I, the community of canons (shared dormitory) was given up and the monastery was expanded.
The local handicraft of master stonemasons and masons became most important under master Giacomo Provino at the beginning of the 17th century after he discovered a quarry with red and black marble in 1590 .
Reformation and Counter Reformation
During the Reformation, several canons tended to Protestantism and around 1565 all inmates were Protestant. Under Johann Jakob Gienger , Canon of Vienna-St. Stephan and from 1570 dean at the Spital am Pyhrn Abbey, the re-Catholicization began, whereby the influence of the sovereign was very great. The collegiate monastery was raised to a provost by Pope Paul V in 1605. As a result, the canonicals increased and in the Baroque period expansion from around 1650, generous abbey complexes in a square shape were created. The monastery administration was expanded and at the same time the monastery employees including the dairy were relocated. That is why the town of Spital grew significantly during this period. The basis of wealth were in the 18th century a. a. four scythe factories in town. From 1714 to 1730 the church was designed by Johann Michael Prunner in the Baroque style (with frescoes by Bartolomeo Altomonte and stucco work by Domenico Antonio Carlone ).
Cancellation and a short new beginning
In 1805, Baron Ferdinand Fechtig von Fechtenberg regulated the liquidation of the abolished Benedictine Abbey of St. Blasien. In 1807 the Pyhrn Monastery was dissolved and ownership was transferred to the Benedictines under Berthold Rottler , who had moved here in 1806 after the abolition of the St. Blasien monastery in the Black Forest . On April 22nd, 1808 the remaining Benedictine Frowin Master was able to transfer the remains of the Habsburgs here in their boxes. The St. Blasier moved to St. Paul Abbey in the Lavant Valley as early as 1809 .
The rulership of the Spital then became part of the Religionsfondsgut . The collegiate church became a parish church. A nursing court acted in the monastery building. On the night of October 25th to 26th, 1841, a fire damaged the monastery buildings. When the Kuk forest administration (later Federal Forests ) was expanded in the monastery building in the Franciscan Joseph's time, the hospital soon mutated into a meeting place for civil servants to enjoy the summer vacation.
At the beginning of 1945 the entire gold treasure of the Hungarian National Bank (33,000 kg) was stored in the crypt under the presbytery of the collegiate church. The exterior was restored from 1964 to 1967. From 1989 to 1997, the Spital / Pyhrn forest enterprise was located in the monastery.
The Austrian rock painting museum in the restored baroque rooms of the monastery was closed. Since December 2015 the Jufa-Hotel Spital am Pyhrn and the museum "Between Heaven and Earth - Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner and the world of the 8000er" have been located there.
literature
- Rudolf Flotzinger : Spital am Pyhrn. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 5, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-7001-3067-8 .
- Hans Krawarik: The secular canons of Spital am Pyhrn 1418-1807 . In: Research on the history of Upper Austria. Volume 15, 1988.
- Hans Krawarik: On the question of the parish Spital am Pyhrn. In: Upper Austrian homeland sheets . Linz 1990, pp. 142–151 (with a list of pastors from Spital am Pyhrn, pp. 147–150), online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at.
- Hans Krawarik: Village in the Mountains. Spital am Pyhrn 1190-1990. Linz 1990.
- City Archives Wiener Neustadt (ed.): Steinmetzakten, Master Provino and Petruzzy . 1644.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ see also the Gienger family list , his father was Eitl Hans Gienger .
- ^ Anton Klein: History of Christianity in Austria and Styria. Volume 4, Vienna 1842, p. 200 ( limited preview ).
Coordinates: 47 ° 39 ′ 51.2 ″ N , 14 ° 20 ′ 18.4 ″ E