Stripe-breasted wren

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Stripe-breasted wren
Stripe-breasted Wren - Braulio Carrillo - Costa Rica MG0730 (26092337023) .jpg

Stripe- breasted wren ( Cantorchilus thoracicus )

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Certhioidea
Family : Wrens (Troglodytidae)
Genre : Cantorchilus
Type : Stripe-breasted wren
Scientific name
Cantorchilus thoracicus
( Salvin , 1865)

The strip breast Wren ( Cantorchilus thoracic ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae), in Nicaragua , Costa Rica and Panama is widespread. The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern . The species is considered to be monotypical .

features

The striped breast wren reaches a body length of about 11.5 to 12.5 cm with a weight of 17.6 cm. It can be easily distinguished from other species by its breast pattern. The reins are blackish gray, the sides of the head and neck are blackish gray with conspicuous white lines. The top of the head is gray-brown, the back, the shoulders, the armpits and the rump are brown with the wing- coverts showing narrow black stripes. The hand and arm wings are dull yellow-brown to brown, with fine black stripes. The matt black control feathers are crisscrossed with yellow-brown to brown bands. The throat and chest are conspicuous and extensive black with white and gray streaks that resemble the appearance of tears. These stand out from the matt olive-brown rear belly, which also has no markings. The eyes are reddish brown, the upper beak grayish black, the lower beak bluish gray and the legs grayish brown. Both sexes are similar. Young animals are sooty on top, the top of the head looks black, the throat and chest are grayish brown with irregular white and dark lines. The eyes look dull brown.

Behavior and nutrition

There is little data available on the diet of the striped breast wren. The prey for feeding their young includes spiders , butterflies , caterpillars , cockroaches and other insects. It typically looks for its food in the lower strata in the interior of dense vegetation.

Vocalizations

The singing of the Striped Breast Wren contains two different types of songs, which are very different from each other. The first is a regular, monotonous series of whistles and tones at dawn, very similar to the singing of small owls like the Brazilian pygmy owl ( Glaucidium brasilianum ). This is only given by individual birds, presumably by the male. The second type is an antiphonic duet of both sexes. It sounds like a happy series of liquid, bubbling whistles consisting of about six to ten tones. Young animals emit a sweet, dissolute song that is very different from that of adult animals. The alarm tones include rolling cherk or ch-rrk tones, but also a series of very soft throaty gechnatters.

Reproduction

In Costa Rica, the striped breast wren breeding season lasts from March to July. Both sexes build the nest. It is a spherical nest that has two chambers. Inside he uses fibers and leaf blades for construction , outside he covers it with green moss. The nest chamber is on the side where it is attached to the branch. On the other side it dangles with a downward-facing entrance and vestibule. It typically builds the nest in scrub or cocoa bushes or on the tip of palm fronds 1.5 to 6.0 meters above the ground. The nest is also used as a sleeping place. A clutch consists of two to three eggs that are white to bluish white without any markings. The incubation is carried out exclusively by the female. The chicks are fed by both sexes for about 16 days before they fledge.

distribution and habitat

The striped breast wren prefers the edges of woodlands, open areas of forest, and overhanging vegetation along river streams. In Costa Rica you can see it in cocoa plantations at lower altitudes or a little higher in shady coffee plantations. It moves at altitudes from sea level to 1100 meters.

migration

It is believed that the striped-breasted wren is a resident bird .

Etymology and history of research

The first description of the strip breast wren was in 1865 by Osbert Salvin under the scientific name Thryothorus thoracicus . The type specimen came from the Tucurrique district in Costa Rica and was collected by Enrique Arcé . In 2006, Nigel Ian Mann , Frederick Keith Barker , Jefferson Alden Graves , Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann and Peter James Bramwell Slater introduced the genus Cantorchilus, which is new to science . This name is derived from "cantus" for "song" and "orkhilos ορχιλος " for "wren". The species name "thoracicus" is the Latin word for "breast" and can be derived from the Greek "thōrax, thōrakos θωραξ, θωρακος " for "breastplate".

literature

  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Donald Eugene Kroodsma, David Brewer in: Thomas Scott Schulenberg : Stripe-breasted Wren (Cantorchilus thoracicus) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY.
  • Nigel Ian Mann, Frederick Keith Barker, Jefferson Alden Graves, Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann, Peter James Bramwell Slater: Molecular data delineate four genera of "Thryothorus" wrens . In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . tape 40 , no. 3 , September 1, 2006, p. 750-759 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.04.014 (2006).
  • Osbert Salvin: Descriptions of seventeen new species of birds from Costa Rica . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for the year 1864 . No. 14 , 1865, p. 579-586 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - November 8, 1864).

Web links

Commons : Stripe- Breasted Wren ( Cantorchilus thoracicus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Donald Eugene Kroodsma u. a.
  3. ↑ Osbert Salvin (1865), pp. 579-580.
  4. ↑ a b Nigel Ian Mann u. a., p. 758.
  5. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 384.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Even though the article stated November 8, 1864 as the publication date, the article did not appear until 1865.
  2. ↑ Mann u. a. categorized the long-billed wren ( Cantorchilus longirostris ( Vieillot , 1819)) as a type for the new genus.