Succinates
| Succinates (examples) |
|---|
 Anion of succinic acid |
 Disodium salt of succinic acid |
 Monosodium salt of succinic acid (sodium hydrogen succinate) |
 Dimethyl ester of succinic acid |
The term succinates refers to the salts and esters of succinic acid (HOOC – CH 2 CH 2 –COOH). The metabolic intermediate succinic acid is present in all living things as a succinate anion .
The general formula of the succinates is R 1 OOC-C 2 H 4 -COOR 2 ; here R 1 and R 2 can stand for metal ions (such as, for example, Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Fe 2+ ) or also for alkyl or aryl radicals . If only one of the two carboxy -H atoms is substituted, one speaks of hydrogen succinates or hemisuccinates.
Also related are succinimides formed by ring closure with a primary amine (see imides ), e.g. B. succinimide or the plastic polysuccinimide .
use
Succinic acid esters with lower alcohols (e.g. methanol ) serve as environmentally friendly, biodegradable solvents . Succinic acid esters are also used in organic synthesis in the Stobbe condensation . Some drugs (e.g. solifenacin ) are used therapeutically as succinic acid salts.
Calcium, potassium and magnesium succinate are used as a substitute for table salt .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Entry on Succinate. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 7, 2014.
- ↑ LMU Munich: Trivial names and names of medicinal substances. (PDF; 566 kB), accessed on April 16, 2013.
- ^ The Merck Index . An Encyclopaedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals . 14th edition, 2006, ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1 , p. 1494.