Sud Express

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Sign of the Sud-Express
Dining car 1887
Sud Express in Estoril station , 1930s
Portuguese locomotive series 5600 in front of the Sud-Express near Bobadela
Passage of a Talgo train set of Lusitânia and Sud-Express in Lisbon Sete Rios station (January 2013)

The Sud-Express is a European night train connection between France , Spain and Portugal . It emerged from the luxury train of the same name .

history

Luxury train

The Sud-Express was designed in 1884 by the founder of CIWL , the Belgian Georges Nagelmackers , as part of a continuous connection Saint Petersburg - Paris - Lisbon and operated from 1887. It served the connection Paris Gare d'Austerlitz (at times also from Gare d ' Orsay ) - Lisbon Santa Apolónia (initially only to Madrid ). In Lisbon there was a connection to steamboat connections to South America . From 1897 there was a part of the train that ran via Córdoba and Algeciras , where there was a ship connection to Morocco . The continuation at the other end of this trans-European connection was the Nord-Express between Paris Gare du Nord and St. Petersburg , after the First World War only to Warsaw . From the 1935/36 timetable period , it was possible to establish a direct connection between the two trains in Paris.

The Sud-Express was an extraordinarily fast and comfortable connection for the time. Around 1900 it was (in its French section) the fastest train in Europe with an average speed of 91.2 km / h. From 1926 he drove electrically between Hendaye and Bordeaux , in 1939 this applied to the entire distance covered in France. That meant an average travel speed of 101 km / h between Paris and Bordeaux. Before that, the train, pulled by steam locomotives of the PO-Midi 3700 / SNCF 231.700 series , was the fastest steam train in France.

Night express train

After the Second World War , the connection was returned to the timetable as a night express train . At times, through couchette cars ran between Paris and Lisbon and Porto . From 1953, the train ran without stopping between Paris and Bordeaux.

Today is Sud-Express , a night train between Hendaye and Lisbon, with a Talgo - sleeping and Liegewagenzug the Portuguese state railway Comboios de Portugal is driven (CP). The originally continuous connection to and from Paris was broken in the mid-1990s at the Spanish-French border and the French section was served at higher speeds with a TGV , which, however, does not have the name "Sud-Express".

The train, which was driven solely at CP expense, incurred high losses. That is why, since October 2012, he has been traveling together with the Lusitânia train between Lisbon and Medina del Campo , where the train is separated and the “Sud-Express” then continues to Hendaye. In order to save costs, the train has also been running since December 2013 without an on-board restaurant, but with a cafeteria. The expenditures for the Sud-Express amounted to 7.2 million euros in 2014, the income to around 3.7 million euros. In 2014, 78,000 passengers used the train connection, compared to 77,000 in 2011. In 2015, 76,492 passengers used the train, in 2016 78,844 passengers, and from January to November 2017 76,000 passengers.

Since April 25, 2018, the train in the direction of Lisbon has already started at Hendaye station in France . This provides a direct connection to the TGV from Paris again.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic , the train connection was discontinued from March 17, 2020. A resumption was planned from July 2020. After the opening of the border between Portugal and Spain on July 1, the train service was suspended. According to the CP , the time of the reopening is not yet known.

Incidents

On December 18, 1965 , the Süd-Express and an express train collided in Villar de los Álamos , Salamanca Province , Spain . More than 30 people died.

On September 11, 1985 there was a head-on collision of the Sud-Express with a regional train near Alcafache on the Beira Alta line . At least 113 people died.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Vockrodt: Mistral , S. 61st
  2. ↑ Vockrodt: Mistral , S. 62nd
  3. ↑ Vockrodt: Mistral , S. 61st
  4. ↑ Vockrodt: Mistral , S. 61st
  5. ↑ Vockrodt: Mistral , S. 62nd
  6. ↑ Vockrodt: Mistral , S. 62nd
  7. ^ Carlos Cipriano: Sud Expresso e Lusitânia Expresso passam a comboio único a partir de 3 de Outubro. (No longer available online.) In: Público . September 28, 2012, formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 2, 2014 (Portuguese).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.publico.pt  
  8. ^ Carlos Cipriano: Sud Expresso e Lusitânia perdem carruagem-restaurante. In: Público. December 1, 2013, accessed March 2, 2014 (Portuguese).
  9. ↑ Trenhotel Surexpreso. Renfe, accessed August 27, 2016 (Spanish).
  10. ↑ Carlos Cipriano: CP reduz prejuízos no serviço internacional. In: Público. June 13, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2015 (Portuguese).
  11. ↑ CP diz estar a tentar resolver falta de ligação do Sud Expresso mas sem sucesso. In: Diário de Notícias. December 27, 2017, accessed January 2, 2018 (Portuguese).
  12. ↑ Sud Expresso - Alteração since estação origem para Hendaye a partir de 25 de abril. In: Homepage Comboios de Portugal. Retrieved April 29, 2018 (Portuguese).
  13. ↑ CP retoma comboio para Espanha e França assim que fronteira reabrir - DN. Retrieved June 5, 2020 (Portuguese).
  14. ↑ Abertura das fronteiras. Comboios between Portugal and Espanha sem data para retomar. Retrieved July 6, 2020 (European Portuguese).

literature

  • Stefan Vockrodt: Mistral, Capitol and other legends. Famous trains to, from and via Paris . In: Railways in Paris = Railway History Special 2 (2015). ISBN 978-3-937189-94-9 , pp. 60-67.

Web links

Commons : Sud-Express  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files