Synagogue (Mikulov)
Coordinates: 48 ° 48 ′ 27.7 " N , 16 ° 38 ′ 10" E
The synagogue in Mikulov (German Nikolsburg ), a South Moravian town in the Czech Republic , was built in the mid-16th century. It was also known as the Upper Synagogue . The derelict synagogue in Hus-Gasse has been a protected cultural monument since 1988.
history
The synagogue, dating from 1550, was originally a Renaissance building . It received its current appearance after several renovations, especially after the destruction caused by fire in the Jewish quarter of Mikulov in 1561 and 1719. The renovations in 1719 were extensive and were carried out in the Baroque style . Later conversions only concerned details.
The synagogue building, considered to be in disrepair, was used as a storage room after the Second World War and should be demolished. At the end of the 1970s, however, a comprehensive renovation began, which was completed in 1989.
Today the synagogue building is used by the Mikulov Regional Museum . Among other things, an exhibition on the history of the Jewish quarter in Mikulov will be shown.
architecture
Due to the street layout and religious requirements ( Torah shrine on the east wall), the building has a diamond-shaped floor plan.
During the fundamental renovations between 1719 and 1723, the interior was completely redesigned: the bima stood in the middle of the room between four columns that were connected at the top by a canopy-like roof, which in turn supported the ceiling. This concept had developed in the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic from the second half of the 16th century as an independent, structurally completely new construction of a synagogue. The synagogue in Mikulov is the last remaining synagogue of this so-called Polish type in the Czech Republic .
The galleries for the women are along the walls to the south, east and west.
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 2: Großbock - Ochtendung. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08078-9 ( online edition ).
