Mikulov Castle
Mikulov Castle (German Nikolsburg) is located in the town of the same name Mikulov in Okres Břeclav , Czech Republic . It is located on a rocky hill in the immediate vicinity of the city center.
history
Slavic settlement and owned by the Lords of Liechtenstein
The castle stands on the site of a Slavic settlement where a stone castle has stood since the end of the 13th century. The lords of Liechtenstein later expanded this castle . At that time u. a. Heinrich Steinpeiss (also Steinbeiss; † 1390) "Rr, Liechtenstein burgrave of Nikolsburg" and son of Heinrich Steinpeiss of the same name (* 1351), who fathered two other sons: Nikolaus † 1364 and Friedrich, who was the lineage of those von Steinpeiss ( Austrian noble family) should continue.
Dietrichstein and Mensdorff-Pouilly as lords of the castle
The building was given its present-day appearance as a result of extensive renovations between 1719 and 1730 by Christian Alexander Oedtl under the Prince of Dietrichstein , who acquired the castle in the 16th century.
During the German War , the palace was the headquarters of the Prussian King Wilhelm I and the Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck as well as the Prussian General Staff . On July 26, 1866, the preliminary peace of Nikolsburg between Prussia and Austria was concluded here.
The daughter of Joseph Franz, 9th Prince of Dietrichstein, Alexandrine (* 1824, † 1906), married the imperial-royal general of the cavalry, Count Alexander von Mensdorff-Pouilly (* 1813; † 1871), which led to the rule of Nikolsburg the Mensdorff-Pouilly family passed over. Alexander was raised by Emperor Franz Joseph in 1868 to the Austrian prince status with the name of Prince von Dietrichstein zu Nikolsburg, Count von Mensdorff-Pouilly . With his grandson Alexander Albert (* 1899, † 1964), who was expropriated in 1946, this line became extinct.
Castle fire at the end of the Second World War and today's use
At the end of the Second World War , the castle burned down on April 22, 1945 as a result of the fighting.
Today there is a regional museum in the rooms. The museum currently houses, among other things, exhibitions on the subjects of viticulture in Moravia , traces of the Romans and Teutons in Moravia, as well as an exhibition that sheds light on life in the castle during the von Dietrichstein family. The museum also has an important collection of scientific instruments from the 16th to 19th centuries. In the castle's wine cellar there is a wooden barrel from 1643 with a capacity of over 1000 hectoliters.
literature
- Johann Baptist Witting: The Lower Austrian rural nobility. Text, SZ. In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 4. Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1918, pp. 220-223 ( online ).
Web links
- The castle - town of Mikulov (German)
- hrady.cz: Mikulov (Czech)
- Regional Museum Mikulov (Czech)
- Evelin Oberhammer: Nikolsburg (castle, Czech. Mikulov). In: Historical Lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein .
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Baptist Witting: The Lower Austrian Estates Nobility. SZ, text . In: Johann Siebmacher (Ed.): Johann Siebmacher's Wappenbuch . Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1918, p. 220 ( uni-goettingen.de [accessed July 3, 2018]).
- ^ Obří sud - Mikulov Regional Museum
Coordinates: 48 ° 48 ′ 23.4 " N , 16 ° 38 ′ 9.9" E