Pernštejn Castle

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Pernštejn Castle
Pernštejn Castle

Pernštejn Castle

Alternative name (s): Pernstein Castle
Creation time : 13th Century
Castle type : Spurburg
Conservation status: Receive
Place: Nedvědice
Geographical location 49 ° 27 '3 "  N , 16 ° 19' 8"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 27 '3 "  N , 16 ° 19' 8"  E
Pernštejn Castle (Czech Republic)
Pernštejn Castle
The Pernštejn Castle in the 1860s
Pernštejn chapel

The Pernštejn Castle (German Pernstein Castle , also Bernstein , originally called Bärenstein ) is located about 40 kilometers northwest of Brno . It belongs to the municipality of Nedvědice in the Okres Brno-venkov in Moravia and is one of the most important castles in the Czech Republic .

location

The castle is located about two kilometers west of Nedvědice on a wooded rock spur above the confluence of the Smrčecký potok in the Nedvědička on the eastern edge of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands .

history

Pernstein Castle was probably built at the beginning of the 13th century. The first known owner was Stephan von Medlov ( Štěpán z Medlova ), who was first mentioned in 1208 in a document from the Olomouc bishop Robert as the son of Gothard ("Stephano, viro nobili filio Gothardi") and at the beginning of the 1220s he was the royal burgrave of the South Moravian castle Děvičky ( Maidenburg ) was. He, whose predicate "von Medlov" is derived from the town of Medlov south of Brno , is considered to be the progenitor of the later Lords of Pernstein , whose predicate "von Pernštejna" ( z Pernštejna ) is first documented around 1285 and is derived from the Pernstein Castle . The coat of arms of the Pernsteiner, the head of an aurochs , is on the castle palace above the entrance portal.

Wilhelm I von Pernstein , which is first recorded for the year 1381, was in the service of Margrave Jobst and was governor of Moravia. His grandson of the same name, Wilhelm II , was one of the most important and influential nobles in Bohemia and Moravia. During his reign the castle was re-fortified and a square tower was added. In addition, it received a new wall with a moat and drawbridges. His son Johann “the Rich” arranged for the castle to be converted into a splendid representative seat in the style of the Italian Renaissance . Additional defense systems created a huge fortification with new towers, walls and bastions . Johann's son Vratislav , whose residences were among the most distinguished and humanistically educated of his time, had a library and art collections built in the castle, but left behind enormous debts. Therefore his son Johann had to sell the castle Pernstein among other things in 1596.

After frequent changes of ownership, the castle came to Franz Edler Stockhammer in 1710. He had the castle partially redesigned in the Rococo style. The castle chapel and the Chinese pavilion were decorated with frescoes by Franz Gregor Ignaz Eckstein and the Brno sculptor Andreas Schweigel created sculptures for the park. In 1793 the castle came to Ignaz Schröffel von Mannsberg, whose daughter Josepha married Wilhelm Graf Mitrowsky von Mitrowitz and Nemischl ( Vilém hrabě Mitrovský z Mitrovic a Nemyšle ; 1789–1857) in 1813 . After the death of his father-in-law in 1818, he received one half from Pernstein. In 1828 he bought the second half from his wife's sister. Thereafter, Pernstein's castle and rule remained with his descendants until they were expropriated in 1945. Several structural changes were made in the 19th century. A reconstruction in the style of historicism planned by August Prokop was not implemented. The appearance of the castle largely corresponds to the state of the 16th century.

Location

The castle has already served as a location for several movies, film series and series:

literature

Web links

Commons : Pernštejn  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cs: Mitrovští z Mitrovic a Nemyšl

  • Entrance to the castle palace with the coat of arms of the Pernstein

  • The Castle Palace and the Four Seasons Tower

  • Courtyard of the castle palace

  • Fresco in the castle chapel