Johann V. von Pernstein
Johann von Pernstein (Czech Jan z Pernštejna ; * July 30, 1561 , † September 30, 1597 in Raab in Hungary) was director of the artillery during the Long Turkish War . He came from the Bohemian-Moravian noble family Pernstein .
Life
His parents were the Chancellor Colonel of Bohemia Vratislav von Pernstein and Maria Manrique de Lara (1538-1608). On February 3, 1587, Johann married his cousin Maria, a daughter of Juan Manrique de Lara y Mendoza and Dorothea Colonna von Fels in Vienna. Because of the close relationship, a dispensation from the Pope was necessary for the marriage. Because she has the same name as her mother-in-law, she is known as Maria Manrique de Lara d. J. designated.
When his father died in 1582, Johann, who embarked on a military career, was of legal age. Of his six younger brothers, only Maximilian, then seven years old, was still alive . In 1591 Johann made an extensive trip to Western Europe. During the Eighty Years' War he temporarily commanded a Habsburg army in the Netherlands that fought on the side of the Spanish king. After the Turkish war flared up again on the Habsburg-Turkish border in 1593 , he moved his sphere of activity to Hungary. In the fight against the Turks, he used a petard he had developed , with the help of which the city and castle gates as well as other fortifications could be opened or blown in the event of a siege. With their efforts he succeeded in turning things around in favor of the imperial army. This construction developed by him found entry into military history as "Pernstein's petard" ( pernštejnska petarda ).
He kept selling parts of the property he had inherited from his father in order to cover the expenses for his troops. He sold Prerau in 1585 , Landskron in 1588 and Tobitschau in 1597 . Gradually he also had to sell parts of the manor and Pernstein Castle in 1596 .
His promising military career came to an abrupt end. During the siege of the Raab fortress on September 30, 1597 he was crushed by a Turkish bullet. Their mother and Johann's older sister Polyxena took over the guardianship of his young children . Most of them lived in the Pernstein Palace in Prague . Johann's widow Maria de Lara married Bruno III in 1606 . from Mansfeld .
family
The children came from his marriage to Anna Maria Manrique de Lara.
- Anna (* around 1590; † before 1656)
- Vratislav Eusebius (1594–1631)
- Eva (* around 1597, † in childhood)
- Frebonie (1596–1646)
literature
- Petr Vorel: Páni z Pernštejna. Vzestup a pád rodu zubří hlavy v dějinách Čech a Moravy . Praha 1999, ISBN 80-86182-24-X , pp. 259, 261f., 265-267 and 270f.
- Joachim Bahlcke : Regionalism and State Integration in Conflict. The lands of the Bohemian Crown in the first century of Habsburg rule (1526–1619) . Munich 1994, ISBN 3-486-56046-8 , pp. 185, 209 and 263.
- Adolf Schinzl: Pernstein, Johann X. Freiherr von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, pp. 388-390.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical sites . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , p. 441.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pernstein, Johann von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Pernštejna, Jan z |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Moravian nobleman; Artillery Director |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 30, 1561 |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 30, 1597 |
| Place of death | Raab , Hungary |