TK-208 Dmitri Donskoy
TK-208 is a strategic nuclear submarine of the Russian navy and as of February 2019 the last active of six ships of the class 941 (NATO code: Typhoon ). It is the largest active submarine in the world.
construction
On March 16, 1976, TK-208 was added to the inventory of the naval war fleet of the Soviet Union and laid down on July 30, 1976 in the Sevmasch shipyard in Severodvinsk . The assignment to the class of heavy strategic U-cruisers took place on July 25, 1977. With the rolling out of the building hall into a covered dry dock, the launch was completed on September 27, 1979. This was followed by static tests in the dry dock and sea trials in the White Sea.
Service in the naval navy of the Soviet Union
The Seekriegsflotte took over the new ship on December 29, 1981 and February 9, 1982 TK-208 was in the newly formed 18th Division of the 1st flotilla Northern Fleet in the Nerpitschja -Bay in the fjord Zapadnaya Litsa incorporated. The D-19 missile complex was tested with the RSM-52 missile (SS-N-20 Sturgeon) from 1983 to 1985. Deterrent patrols followed in the Barents Sea and the North Sea .
Conversion from 1989 to 2002
On September 20, 1989 TK-208 was launched in the construction hall of the Sewmasch shipyard in order to be converted to the new D-19M Bark missile complex with the R-39UTTCh Grom missile ( NATO code name : SS-NX-28). Due to its size, TK-208 could only be converted in this building hall, as the Swjosdotschka shipyard was too small. In 1991 the project was named 941UM. The collapse of the Soviet Union overslept so the ship. At the same time, the development of a strategic sub-cruiser of the fourth generation began, which should also be armed with the R-39UTTCh missiles. For the project 955 , the first ship of which was laid down under the name Jurij Dolgorukij in 1996 and launched on April 15, 2007, the R-39UTTCh rocket was initially planned. However, the designers at the Makejew State Missile Center in Miass could not adhere to the prescribed dimensions for the missile (which is why the Jurij Dolgorukij itself had to be rebuilt). After four unsuccessful test starts, the D-19M program was finally discontinued in 1998. For lack of money, the conversion of the TK-208 to the new complex had already been stopped in 1996 and the ship was unused in the building hall.
After the failure with the D-19M Bark missile complex , the leadership of the Russian naval forces turned to the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering . This was to develop a submarine-based missile based on the vehicle-mounted RS-12M2 Topol-M within a short time . The developers quickly realized that this was not possible; the differences between land-based and submarine-based missiles are too great. In 1998 it was decided to completely redesign it in the form of a light rocket with solid propulsion. This new missile system was named R-30 Bulava . Work on the half-converted TK-208 started from the beginning. First, the systems intended for the originally planned R-39UTTCh missile had to be removed again and the devices intended for the R-30 Bulava had to be installed.
Service in the naval navy of the Russian Federation
In the course of 2002 TK-208 was given the name Dmitri Donskoj and was pulled out of the building hall on June 26, 2002. It happened so suddenly that the media reported that the world's largest submarine was launched and the Dmitri Donskoj was mistakenly regarded as a new type for a short time. Since the conversion of the TK-208 had started in the days of the former USSR, such reports never got into the press because of the secrecy. TK-208 had practically been forgotten and no one was interested in it at the time of reporting.
The first test launch of a SLBM of the type Bulava took place on 27 September, 2005. Since then, the nuclear submarine has completed several series of tests to this day.
TK-208 was transferred to the Baltic Sea in the summer of 2017 , where it took part in the Fleet Day Parade on July 30, 2017, off the island of Kotlin in Kronstadt , Saint Petersburg. The boat passed the bridge over the Great Belt on July 21, 2017 .
Technical specifications
- Length: 172 m
- Width: 23.3 meters
- Draft: 11.3-12.5 meters
- Height (keel tower edge): approx. 28 meters
- Displacement: 21,600 tons (surfaced) / 26,500 tons (submerged)
- Immersion depth: approx. 450 m maximum
- Crew: 150–180 (including 50 officers and 80 NCOs)
- drive
- Armament
- Missile:
- RPK-2 Wijuga (fired from 533 mm caliber torpedo tubes)
- Ship systems:
- Sonar: Skat
- Radar: Albatross
- EloKa: Nakat-M
- Radio system: Molnija
- Satellite navigation system: Simfonia
- Satellite navigation system (Tobo Responder): Kremnij-2
- Satellite communication system: tsunami
-
Sea endurance
- 120 days (peace)
- 260 days (defense case)
Web links
- http://www.deepstorm.ru/
- RIA Novosti - Defense and Security - Russia is building Bulava-M missile in series production . Retrieved February 3, 2011.
- RIA Novosti - Analysis and Comments - Bulava-M strategic missile goes into series production . Retrieved February 3, 2011.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Pavel Podvig: Status of Russia's SLBM programs. In: russianforces.org. Russian strategic nuclear forces, January 7, 2005, accessed September 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Jacob W. Kipp: Bulava Launch Failure and the Crisis of Russian Defense Industry - Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 6 Issue: 233. In: jamestown.org. The Jamestown Foundation, December 18, 2095, accessed September 11, 2018 .
- ↑ The Bulava missile saga. In: sputniknews.com. Sputnik News, October 12, 2009, accessed on September 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Ракетный комплекс Булава. In: bastion-karpenko.ru. Bastion-Karpenko, accessed September 11, 2018 (Russian).
- ↑ "Dmitri Donskoj" from Russia: The world's largest submarine travels through the Baltic Sea. In: Spiegel Online , July 23, 2017. Retrieved July 23, 2017.