TOS-1

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TOS-1
TOS-1A 2010 in Moscow.

TOS-1A 2010 in Moscow.
General properties
crew 3
length 9.5
width 3.6
height 2.2
Dimensions 45.3 tons
Armor and armament
Main armament 24-30 × 220 mm missiles
Secondary armament no
agility
drive V12 diesel engine W-84
(630 630 kW (857 hp))
suspension Torsion bar
Top speed 60 km / h (road)
Power / weight
Range 550 km

TOS-1 Buratino ( Russian тос, тяжёлая огнемётная система ; "Heavy Flamethrower System ") is an armored multiple rocket launcher that fires rockets with thermobaric warheads. Other names are TOS-1-4 and HFS-1 . The rocket launcher is manufactured by Omsktransmash . Burattino is the Russian equivalent of Pinocchio .

history

The rocket launcher system was developed in the early 1980s. For a long time nothing was known about this system in the West.

description

TOS battery firing a volley, 2011
TSM-T

The system consists of the chassis of a T-72 - battle tank and a container for launchers 24 missiles. The entire vehicle is referred to as Object 634 and weighs 46 tons when ready to fire. The maximum driving speed is 60 km / h. The driving range on one tank of fuel is 550 km. The system requires a crew of three. A minimum reaction time from full speed to rocket launch of three minutes is achieved. The MO.1.01.04 missiles have a maximum combat range of 3.5 km. The minimum control range is 400 m. The rocket has a caliber of 220 mm, a length of 3.3 m and weighs 173 kg. The fastest possible fire rate is 7.5 seconds for all 30 missiles. In practical use, however, a rate of fire of 30 missiles is used in 15 seconds. The missiles are equipped with an incendiary charge or a thermobaric warhead. In addition to the dismantling charge, the latter contains an active charge consisting of a mixture of isopropyl nitrate and magnesium powder . When detonated, this warhead generates a great deal of pressure and heat. A single vehicle covers a target area of ​​200 meters × 400 meters with a volley of rockets. Due to the large surface and pressure effect, the system is also suitable for clearing large minefields. There is also a second type of missile with a conventional incendiary warhead filled with triethylaluminum .

variants

In 2001 the version TOS-1A "Solnzepjok" (heat from the sun) was introduced to the Russian armed forces. The launcher vehicle built on the hull of the T-90 is called BM-1 and has a launcher container that holds 24 missiles. In addition, there is a supply and reloading vehicle under the name TSM-T ( Russian Транспортно-заряжающая машина, ТЗМ-Т ). The improved MO.1.01.04M missiles are 3.7 meters long and weigh 217 kg. The maximum fighting range is 6 km. The manufacturer Splaw is also working on a rocket type with a range of 10 km.

In 2020 the TOS-2 "Tosochka" version was presented. This is installed on a 6 × 6 truck of the type Ural-63706-0120 .

Calls

Afghanistan

The system was first observed in the late 1980s in the Soviet-Afghan war . It was against the Mujahideen in the Panjshir Province used -Tal.

Chechnya

During the Chechen war , the system was used several times to clear large minefields and in the battle for Grozny .

Iraq

In 2014/2015 Russia exported TOS-1E to Iraq . Iraq was fighting with the terrorist militia “ Islamic State ” (IS), whose fighters captured weapons and military technology from Iraqi military bases. Iraqi soldiers were trained for three months to operate the TOS-1A "Solnzepjok". It was the first time that the weapon system was delivered to a country outside the former Soviet Union.

The weapon system was used against IS positions during the Battle of Mosul in 2016/2017 .

Ukraine

The OSCE presented on 25 September 2015, TOS-1 system on a training ground 31 km southwest of Luhansk owned pro-Russian separatists firmly.

Syria

The International Business Times , according to which refers to photos on Twitter, a TOS-1A was established in October 2015. Syria observed. According to the Sunday Times , a TOS-1A is said to have been deployed in Aleppo on September 25, 2016.

Users

  • AlgeriaAlgeria Algeria : TOS-1A
  • ArmeniaArmenia Armenia : TOS-1A
  • AzerbaijanAzerbaijan Azerbaijan : 18 TOS-1A
  • IraqIraq Iraq : 4 TOS-1E (export version of the TOS-1A)
  • KazakhstanKazakhstan Kazakhstan : 4 (3) TOS-1A
  • RussiaRussia Russia : At least 44 TOS-1As in active service in the Army. Was standing; November 14, 2018
  • Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia Saudi Arabia : TOS-1A

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Огнем из тридцати стволов или 42-тонный «Буратино». In: otvaga2004.ru. Военно-патриотический сайт "Отвага", accessed October 6, 2015 (Russian).
  2. ↑ TOS-1 Heavy Flamethrower System. In: military-today.com. Retrieved October 6, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b army-guide.com , accessed on August 5, 2014
  4. ↑ a b armyrecognition.com ( Memento from November 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed: August 5, 2014
  5. ↑ a b rbase.new-factoria.ru , accessed on August 5, 2014
  6. ↑ Russia develops heavy flamethrower system - Holding Techmasch. In: Sputnik News. de.sputniknews.com, August 21, 2015, accessed October 6, 2015 .
  7. ↑ a b TOS-1A Heavy Flamethrower System. In: military-today.com. Retrieved October 6, 2015 .
  8. ↑ a b c Russia to deliver another batch of TOS-1A heavy flamethrowers to Azerbaijan in the near future. (No longer available online.) In: en.apa.az. APA, May 26, 2014; archived from the original on October 7, 2015 ; accessed on October 6, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / en.apa.az
  9. ↑ Christopher F. Foss : Russia develops improved-range 220 mm rocket for TOS-1A system. (No longer available online.) In: Janes.com. IHS Jane's 360, December 6, 2016, archived from the original on December 6, 2016 ; accessed on December 6, 2016 .
  10. ↑ Armyrecognition.com: Russian army unveils new TOS-2 Tosochka Flamethrower Rocket Launcher vehicle at Victory Day 2020 parade
  11. ↑ Fight against IS: Russia supplies Iraq with weapons. de.sputniknews.com, October 17, 2014
  12. ↑ a b Russia and Iraq sign armaments deals for TOS-1 rocket launchers. In: spiegel.de. July 30, 2014, accessed October 6, 2015 .
  13. ^ Loveday Morris: Iraq has never seen this kind of fighting in its battles with ISIS. Washington Post November 11, 2016
  14. ↑ Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of September 27, 2015. In: osce.org. OSCE, accessed October 6, 2015 .
  15. ↑ Russia prepares to rain down hellfire on ISIS: Putin's forces deploy 'Blazing Sun' heavy flamethrower missile launcher to Syria - dailymail.co.uk , accessed October 20, 2015.
  16. ↑ Endgame Isis: Syria deploys Russian 'Blazing Sun' to incinerate Islamic State terrorists. - ibtimes.co.in , accessed October 20, 2015.
  17. ^ UN Security Council - Word battles instead of ceasefire in Aleppo - HAZ - Hannoversche Allgemeine. www.haz.de, September 28, 2016, accessed January 19, 2018 (All sources refer to the Sunday Times article).
  18. ^ A b Jeremy Binnie: Algeria unveils Tos-1A. In: Janes.com. IHS Jane's Defense Weekly, May 14, 2018, accessed May 12, 2018 .
  19. ↑ Россия начала поставку Ираку тяжелых огнеметных систем ТОС-1А «Солнцепек». In: armstrade.org. Центр анализа мировой торговли оружием (ЦАМТО), accessed on October 6, 2015 (Russian, Russia supplies heavy flamethrower system TOS-1A "Sun" to Iraq).
  20. ↑ Led by an Armored Bulldozer, Shia Militia Fought to Restore Their Credibility. In: medium.com. Retrieved October 6, 2015 .
  21. ↑ TOS-1 multiple rocket launcher. (No longer available online.) In: bubblews.com. August 8, 2014, archived from the original on October 7, 2015 ; accessed on October 6, 2015 .
  22. ↑ army-technology.com , accessed August 5, 2014
  23. ↑ Владимир Тучков: Разгром ИГИЛ: "Солнцепек" принес пользы гораздо больше, чем "Абрамсы". svpressa.ru, December 14, 2017, accessed on December 23, 2017 (Russian, including at least 20 TOS-1A units are in service with the Army).
  24. ↑ На вооружение войск ЦВО поступил ротный комплект тяжелых огнеметных систем «Солнцепек». structure.mil.ru, February 13, 2018, accessed on February 16, 2018 (Russian, including 3 TOS-1A were put into service).
  25. ↑ Соединение РХБ-защиты на Северном Кавказе получило новые установки "Солнцепек". военное.рф, April 10, 2018, accessed April 13, 2018 (Russian, including 3 TOS-1As were put into service).
  26. ↑ В объединение ВВО в Приамурье поступила первая партия огнеметных систем «Солнцепек» последидней. structure.mil.ru, April 18, 2018, accessed on April 20, 2018 (in Russian, based on the last two deliveries so far, at least 3 TOS-1A were put into service).
  27. ↑ «Солнцепек» увеличил огневую мощь подразделений войск РХБ защиты ВВО в три раза. structure.mil.ru, May 7, 2018, accessed on May 11, 2018 (Russian, including based on previous two penultimate deliveries, at least 9 TOS-1A, at least 3 TOS-1A for three military districts, were put into service).
  28. ↑ Огнеметные системы "Солнцепек" прибыли на Алтай. iz.ru, May 28, 2018, accessed on June 1, 2018 (in Russian, among other things, based on deliveries from February 13, 2018 and April 10, 2018, at least 3 TOS-1A were also put into service).
  29. ↑ В Ленобласти появилось подразделение огнеметных систем "Солнцепек". военное.рф, November 14, 2018, accessed on November 16, 2018 (in Russian, based on deliveries from February 13, 2018 and April 10, 2018, at least 3 TOS-1A were put into service).
  30. ↑ Jeremy Binnie: Saudi Arabia takes delivery of TOS-1A MRLs. In: janes.com. Jane's Defense Weekly, April 10, 2019, accessed May 14, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : TOS-1  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files