Tobacco-brown bristle disk
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Tobacco-brown bristle disk ( Pseudochaete tabacina ) |
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| ( Sowerby ) T. Wagner & M. Fisch. |
The inedible tobacco brown bristle disk ( Pseudochaete tabacina , syn. Hymenochaete tabacina ) is a type of mushroom from the family of bristle disk relatives (Hymenochaetaceae). It is also called the tobacco brown bristle disc . The brown, layer mushroom-like, leathery fruit bodies have a yellow-brown growth zone and the fruit layer on the underside appears bristly hairy under the magnifying glass. The fruiting bodies grow all year round on the underside of deciduous tree branches and produce a white rot in their wood .
features
Macroscopic features
First, isolated initial fruit bodies develop. These later grow together and form on the underside of largely horizontal branches, often several decimeter long coatings, which are lined on both sides by up to 1 cm protruding hat edges, so that the fungus looks like a layer fungus from the genus Stereum . Tile-like lawns develop on vertical branches. The top of the cones and edges is felty when young, but becomes bald with age. It is colored tobacco brown to rusty brown and is often concentrically zoned. The golden yellow, wavy edge (growth zone), which is conspicuous when young, is typical. The hymenium is on the underside. It is matt rust-brown to gray-brown and can also be a little lighter when young. It is densely hairy if you look at the hymenium with a good magnifying glass. The bristles are fine, needle-shaped sets that can often be found in large numbers in the hymenium. When drying, the underside becomes fine-cracked and cracks open in fields. The meat, which is also brown, is thin and leathery. It smells and tastes inconspicuous, the spore powder is pale yellow.
Microscopic features
The elongated to cylindrical, smooth and inamyloid spores are 4.5–7 µm long and 1.5–2.5 µm wide. The sets are up to about 200 µm long and have a finely wavy tip.
Species delimitation
The tobacco-brown bristle disk could easily be confused with a layer fungus ( stereum ). However, these never have sets in the Hymenium, which can be easily recognized in the bristle disc with a strong magnifying glass. The brown felted layer mushroom ( Amylostereum areolatum ) can also be deceptively similar because of the brownish color of the hymenium. But here too the sets are missing.
Within its genus, the fungus is most likely to be confused with the umber brown bristle disc ( P. rubiginosa ). However, this forms rigid, hard and even more hat-forming fruit bodies and colonizes oaks in particular. The hymenium, which is also brown, has a rust-brown edge. All other species of the genus occurring in Central Europe have resuspended fruiting bodies and never form hat edges.
ecology
The tobacco-brown bristle disc grows all year round on dead branches of various types of hardwood, especially willow and hazel, but also on other hardwoods. Sometimes the fungus can also be found on softwood. It occurs particularly frequently in wetlands such as bog and swamp forests, as well as in willow bushes on lake and river banks, where it can often develop in mass occurrences. In the second year the fungus can continue to grow on the edge of the hat or form new ones on the old, overwintered fruiting bodies.
distribution
The fungus, which may be widespread worldwide, has been found in North America (Canada, Mexico, USA), Central America (Panama), Asia (Japan, South Korea, Mongolia), Australia, New Zealand and Europe.
In the Holarctic its distribution area ranges from the submeridional to the boreal florence zone. The bristle disc is widespread in Europe, but is absent on the Irish Island and very rare in Northern Scotland. In the rest of Western and Central Europe, the fungus is widespread to fairly common. Its distribution in southern and eastern Europe has not yet been adequately clarified. In the north it is common throughout Fennoscandinavia and Estonia. In Norway and Finland the distribution area reaches up to the 70th parallel. In Germany, the tobacco-brown bristle disc can be found from the coast into the Alpine valleys; it is moderate and relatively evenly distributed across Germany.
meaning
The leathery, tough fruiting bodies of the tobacco-brown bristle disk are inedible.
swell
- Paul Kirk: Pseudochaete tabacina. In: Species Fungorum. Retrieved January 14, 2014 .
- Pseudochaete tabacina. In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed January 14, 2014 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Ewald Gerhardt: Röhrlinge, Porlinge, Bauchpilze, culverts and others . In: mushrooms. Spectrum of nature, BLV intensive guide . tape 2 . BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1985, ISBN 3-405-12965-6 , p. 166 .
- ↑ a b c d Hans E. Laux: The new cosmos mushroom atlas . 1st edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-07229-0 , pp. 228 .
- ^ A b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 , pp. 206, 214.
- ↑ Cvetomir M. Denchev & Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online [PDF]).
- ↑ a b Worldwide distribution of Pseudochaete tabacina. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014 ; accessed on January 14, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Jean-Pierre Prongué, Rudolf Wiederin, Brigitte Wolf: The fungi of the Principality of Liechtenstein . In: Natural history research in the Principality of Liechtenstein . Vol. 21. Vaduz 2004 ( online [PDF]).
- ^ S. Petkovski: National Catalog (Check List) of Species of the Republic of Macedonia . In: Acta Botanica Croatica . 2009 ( PDF, 1.6MB ( memento of February 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) [accessed on January 14, 2014]). National Catalog (Check List) of Species of the Republic of Macedonia ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Grid map of Pseudochaete tabacina. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Retrieved January 14, 2014 .
- ↑ Pseudochaete tabacina. Pilzoek database, accessed January 14, 2014 .
