Taganka prison

The Taganka Prison ( Russian Таганская тюрьма , full name: Московская губернская уголовная тюрьма translated: Moscow provincial jail for criminals) was from 1804 to 1958, a prison in Moscow district Tagansky .

history

It was built during the reign of Tsar Alexander I in 1804. It was located between ul. Malyje Kamenschtschiki ( Russian ул. Малые Каменщики ) and Novospassky pereulok ( Russian Новоспасскый переулок ) on the outskirts. Today the site belongs to the central administrative district of Moscow . Taganka Prison was considered the heaviest of the three prisons in Moscow. From the end of the 19th century, political prisoners were increasingly being imprisoned alongside criminals. The prison had several workshops in which the prisoners had to work: a tailor's workshop, mechanical workshop, blacksmith and locksmith's workshop, turning shop, bookbinding and printing shop.

After the October Revolution , work was carried out in the prison workshops for the government, the secret service and for self-sufficiency. In July 1920, 191 guards were working for 1,200 inmates in Taganka Prison. 500 prisoners were deployed in the workshops and outside, while 56 prisoners worked in the printing and bookbinding department. In 1940 there were 4,120 inmates in Taganka Prison, many of them denounced party cadres. For many inmates, it was also the stopover before exile or imprisonment in a gulag .

General Vlasov and his staff were hanged in the courtyard of Taganka Prison on August 1, 1946 after his conviction.

In the last few years of operation, the official name was "Taganskaya Central Transit Prison, Eighth Division, Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR".

From 1958 the Taganka prison was demolished except for the administration building at uliza Malyje Kamenschtschiki 16, which still exists today. Four five-story houses and a kindergarten were built in its place .

Known inmates

After the October Revolution, many nobles, priests and members of parties rivaling the Bolsheviks were imprisoned in Taganka prison. Many of Stalin's victims were also imprisoned in Taganka prison.

• Leonid Nikolajewitsch Andrejew (1871-1919), Russian writer
• Nikolai Ernestowitsch Bauman (1873–1905), Russian revolutionary
• Seraphim Tschitschagow (1856–1937), Metropolitan of St. Petersburg 1928–1933, imprisoned in 1937
• Pawel Alexandrowitsch Florensky (1882–1937), Russian religious philosopher, theologian, mathematician and art scientist, imprisoned probably in 1933
• Mikhail Sergejewitsch Kedrow (1878–1941), Soviet politician and chekist
• Daniil Alexandrowitsch Koschubergenow , Soviet soldier, convicted of cowardice before the enemy in 1942
• Leonid Borissowitsch Krassin (1870–1926), Russian revolutionary and early comrade of Lenin
• Martin Iwanowitsch Latsis (1888–1938), Soviet revolutionary, politician and state security officer
• Anatoli Wassiljewitsch Lunacharsky (1875–1933), Soviet Minister of Education until 1929
• Sawwa Iwanowitsch Mamontow (1841–1918), Russian industrialist and art patron of the 19th century, imprisoned in 1918
• Michail Andrejewitsch Osorgin (1878–1942), Russian writer and journalist
• Marcel Pauker (1896–1938), Romanian Comintern activist
• Leonid Petrovich Radin (1860–1900), Russian revolutionary and poet of the song " Brothers, to the sun, to freedom ", imprisonment 1895/1896
• Thomas Sgovio (1916–1997), American ex-communist and artist, imprisoned in 1938
• Jakow Trachtenberg (1888–1951 or 1953), Ukrainian engineer and the inventor of the Trachtenberg high-speed calculation method
• Andrei Andreevich Vlasov (1901-1946), Soviet general, defector, commander of the Russian Liberation Army ( Vlasov Army )

Web links

• The history of Taganka Prison (Russian), with photos, accessed October 14, 2015
• Taganka Prison (Russian), with photos, accessed October 14, 2015
• About the Taganka prison or: the street here, this house ... (Russian), with photos, accessed October 14, 2015
• Wikipedia article in Russian

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Russian Центральный муниципальный архив г. Москвы (ЦМАМ) Ф. 2244. Оп. 1. Д. 10. Л. 9, 16 - 19 об. , quoted from the history of Tangankaya prison (russ.)
2. ↑ en: Taganka Prison

Coordinates: 55 ° 44 ′ 6 ″  N , 37 ° 39 ′ 16 ″  E