Taphozoinae
| Taphozoinae | ||||||||||||
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Taphozous mauritianus |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Taphozoinae | ||||||||||||
| Jerdon , 1867 |
The Taphozoinae are a subfamily of the bat family of the smooth-nosed cantons (Emballonuridae). They include around 18 species in two genera, burial bats ( Taphozous ) and pocket bats ( Saccolaimus ).
Taphozoinae are native to the tropical regions of the Old World . Its range includes Africa including some islands in the Indian Ocean such as Madagascar and the Mascarene Mountains , South and Southeast Asia , New Guinea and Australia .
description
The Taphozoinae are by far the largest representatives of the smooth-nosed free-tailed tails. They reach a head body length of 6 to 16 centimeters and a weight of 10 to 105 grams. Their fur is gray-brown on the upper side, sometimes with a red tinge, the underside is lighter, often whitish. A sac-shaped gland on the anterior part of the wings is present in Taphozous , but not in Saccolaimus . Both genera also have a gland on the throat that is more pronounced in males than in females. As with all members of their family, the muzzle is elongated and the nose is "smooth", that is, without a nosepiece.
Way of life
These bats inhabit a number of habitats; they can be found in both rainforests and arid desert regions of North Africa. During the day they sleep in caves, crevices and structures such as houses and graves (for example pyramids , hence the name burial bats), sometimes they can also be found in rolled leaves. They form colonies of ten to several thousand animals. Taphozoinae feed almost exclusively on insects that they prey on their nocturnal flights.
The female gives birth to a single young one, sometimes twice a year after a gestation period of around four months. This is independent at three months, but sexual maturity only occurs later (females after nine months, males at almost two years).
Genera and species
Mammal Species of the World and IUCN perform two genera pocket bats ( saccolaimus ) and grave bats ( Taphozous ), with a total of 18 species. The 14 Taphozous species are also divided into two sub-genera.
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Pocket bats - Saccolaimus
Temminck , 1838
- Saccolaimus flaviventris ( Peters , 1867): Australia
- Saccolaimus mixtus Troughton , 1925: Cape York Peninsula , South New Guinea
- Saccolaimus peli ( Temminck , 1853): West and Central Africa
- Bare-back pocket bat - Saccolaimus saccolaimus ( Temminck , 1838): India to Solomon Islands
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Grave Bats - Taphozous E. Geoffroy , 1818
- Subgenus Liponycteris Thomas, 1922
- Taphozous hamiltoni Thomas , 1920: Eastern Africa
- Taphozous nudiventris Cretzschmar , 1826: Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India
- Subgenus Taphozous E. Geoffroy , 1818
- Taphozous achates Thomas , 1915: Timor and smaller islands
- Taphozous australis Gould , 1854: Northeast Australia
- Taphozous georgianus Thomas , 1915: Northern and Western Australia
- Taphozous hildegardeae Thomas , 1909: Kenya and Tanzania
- Taphozous hilli Kitchener , 1980: Central Australia
- Taphozous kapalgensis McKean & Friend : 1979, Northern Australia
- Taphozous longimanus Hardwicke , 1825: India and Southeast Asia
- Mauritius grave bat - Taphozous mauritianus E. Geoffroy , 1818: Africa and African islands
- Taphozous melanopogon Temminck , 1841: India and Southeast Asia
- Taphozous perforatus E. Geoffroy , 1818: Africa, Arabian Peninsula , India
- Taphozous theobaldi Dobson , 1872: India and Southeast Asia
- Taphozous troughtoni Tate , 1952: Northeast Australia
- Subgenus Liponycteris Thomas, 1922
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Don E. Wilson , DeeAnn M. Reeder (Ed.): Mammal Species of the World . A taxonomic and geographic Reference . 3. Edition. 2 volumes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 (English, Taphozous ).
- ↑ Taphozous in the IUCN 2014 Red List of Threatened Species . Accessed November 16, 2014.
