Tetraborane

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Structural formula
Structural formula of tetraborane
General
Surname Tetraborane
other names
  • Tetrabordecahydride
  • arachno-tetraborane
Molecular formula B 4 H 10
Brief description

unpleasant smelling gas

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 18283-93-7
Wikidata Q3232732
properties
Molar mass 53.32 g mol −1
Physical state

gaseous

Melting point

−120 ° C

boiling point

17.6 ° C

safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling
no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Tetraborane , more precisely tetraborane-10, is an inorganic chemical compound from the group of boranes .

Extraction and presentation

Tetraborane produced by decomposition of diborane at temperatures above 50 ° C, whereby hydrogen and higher boranes ( pentaborane , hexaborane , decaborane , and others) are formed. A yield of up to 95% is achieved at a pressure of 170 kPa between two concentric glass tubes, of which the inner one is heated to 120 ° C and the outer one is cooled to −78 ° C (“hot-cold reactor”). It is also formed during the hydrolysis of magnesium diboride .

It can also be obtained by reacting iododiborane with sodium .

properties

Ball-and-stick model of tetraborane

Tetraborane is an unpleasant smelling gas. Pure tetraborane does not ignite in air, but is hydrolyzed to boric acid and hydrogen by water . It decomposes to other boranes in a few hours at room temperature (more rapidly at higher temperatures). Up to 100 ° C it breaks down mainly into hydrogen, diborane and pentaborane-9, at higher temperatures into hydrogen, pentaborane-9, hexaborane and boron-rich hydrides. It is attacked by bromine and chlorine much more slowly than diborane.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Entry on tetraborane (10). In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on September 5, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Karl A. Hofmann: Inorganische Chemie . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-663-14240-9 , pp. 400 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  3. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
  4. ^ Karl A. Hofmann: Textbook of the inorganic experimental chemistry . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-663-04369-0 , pp. 383 ( limited preview in Google Book search).