Thai numerals
The Thai numbers , more precisely: Thai digits ( ตัวเลข ไทย , [tua lêːk tʰai] ), are a number font in which numbers are positionally represented on the basis of a decimal system with nine digits and a separate character written as a circle for the zero .
In Thailand , the Thai number system is traditionally used. In daily use, however, Arabic numerals are mostly used today. Thai numbers are only used for documents and inscriptions with an official or religious character or with historical reference.
In the Thai language , numbers or numerals are usually placed between nouns and a counting word . Exceptions include time and value information.
Zero to nine
| value | RTGS | Thai | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | sun | ๐ | ศูนย์ |
| 1 | well | ๑ | หนึ่ง |
| 2 | song | ๒ | สอง |
| 3 | sam | ๓ | สาม |
| 4th | si | ๔ | สี่ |
| 5 | Ha | ๕ | ห้า |
| 6th | hok | ๖ | หก |
| 7th | chet | ๗ | เจ็ด |
| 8th | paet | ๘ | แปด |
| 9 | kao | ๙ | เก้า |
Note: For the two there is also ยี่ ( yi ) in addition to สอง ( song ); a traditional way of pronunciation that still exists in some parts of the Thai language, for example in the formation of the word for "20" and its combinations. It is still used to denote the second month of the Thai lunar calendar . According to the online Royal Institute Dictionary, it is used in the northern Thai dialect for the year of the tiger .
Ten to a million
The numbers from 10 to 1,000,000 are formed using the words of the powers of 10. The one becomes et when it follows a power of ten. The numbers 20 to 29 start with yi sip .
| value | RTGS | Thai | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | sip | ๑๐ | สิบ |
| 11 | sip et | ๑๑ | สิบ เอ็ด |
| 12 | sip song | ๑๒ | สิบ สอง |
| 20th | yi sip | ๒๐ | ยี่สิบ |
| 21st | yi sip et | ๒๑ | ยี่สิบ เอ็ด |
| 22nd | yi sip song | ๒๒ | ยี่สิบ สอง |
| 100 | roi | ๑๐๐ | ร้อย |
| 1,000 | phan | ๑๐๐๐ | พัน |
| 10,000 | have to | ๑๐๐๐๐ | หมื่น |
| 100,000 | sow | ๑๐๐๐๐๐ | แสน |
| 1,000,000 | lan | ๑๐๐๐๐๐๐ | ล้าน |
In everyday language, the beginning of 21 to 29 can be shortened from ยี่สิบ ( yi sip ) to ยิบ ( yip ). That's why you hear ยิบ เอ็ด ( yip et ), ยิบ สอง ( yip song ).
The hundreds are formed by combining roi with tens and ones. For example, two hundred and thirty-two (232) song is roi sam sip song . The words roi , phan , muen , and saen should be used with a leading numeral ( nueng is optional) so that two hundred and ten song is roi sip and one hundred is either roi or nueng roi . Nueng never comes before sip , so song roi nueng sip is wrong.
Native speakers sometimes use roi nueng (or phan nueng etc.) with a different emphasis on nueng to distinguish one hundred from one hundred and one. Such a distinction is often not made, which then leads to ambiguities. To counteract this problem, roi et (or phan et , muen et etc.) should be used for 101 (or 1001, 10001 etc.) .
Numbers over a million
Numbers over a million are formed by prefixing them with lan . For example ten million is sip lan , one trillion (10 12 ) lan lan .
Decimal and Fractional Numbers
Colloquially, decimal numbers are formed by saying จุด ( chut , period) at the point where the decimal separator is. For example, 1.01 is หนึ่ง จุด ศูนย์ หนึ่ง .
Fractions are formed by placing ใน ( nai , under, over) between the numerator and denominator. For example, it is referred to as หนึ่ง ใน สาม ( nueng nai sam ).
The word ครึ่ง ( khrueng ) is used for "half". It precedes the count word if it is used alone, but follows it if it is used with another number. For example, kradat krueng phaen ( กระดาษ ครึ่ง แผ่น ) means “half a page of paper”, but kradat nueng phaen krueng ( กระดาษ หนึ่ง แผ่น ครึ่ง ) means “a page and a half of paper”.
Minus numbers
Minus numbers are formed with a ลบ ( lop , minus) that is placed in front of the number. For example, ลบ สิบ เอ็ด is -11.
Ordinal numbers
Ordinal numbers are prefixed with ที่ ( thi , place). They are not considered to be a special kind of number since the numeral follows the modified noun, which in this case is thi .
| value | RTGS | Thai | |
|---|---|---|---|
| First | thi nueng | ที่ หนึ่ง | |
| Second | thi song | ที่ สอง | |
| Third | thi sam | ที่ สาม | |
| Fourth | thi si | ที่ สี่ | |
| # -ter | thi # | ที่ # | |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from March 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
