Galmei-Hellerkraut

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Galmei-Hellerkraut
Calamine bagwort (Thlaspi calaminare)

Calamine bagwort ( Thlaspi calaminare )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Genre : Pocket Herbs ( Noccaea )
Type : Mountain Hellerkraut ( Noccaea caerulescens )
Subspecies : Galmei-Hellerkraut
Scientific name
Noccaea caerulescens subsp. calaminaris
( Lej. ) Holub

The calamine Hellerkraut or calamine Täschelkraut ( Noccaea caerulescens subsp. Calaminaris , Syn. Thlaspi calaminare Lej. & Courtois ), is a heavy metal resistant kind in the family of the cabbage family (Brassicaceae). It is considered a character species of the so-called Galmeiflora and is restricted to north-western Central Europe. Often it is listed as a small species of the collective species Mountain Hellerkraut ( Thlaspi caerulescens ) or as its subspecies . It is on the Red List of Endangered Species as “critically endangered” (Germany) or “critically endangered” (Lower Saxony).

features

Calamine Hellerkraut is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 30 cm. Several bald (hairless) stems are formed, which have sessile, stem-embracing leaves that are eyed at the base. The basal leaves grow in rosettes. The inflorescences are only short and dense at first, but then lengthen as the fruit ripens. The up to 3.5 mm long petals are colored white with a slight hint of purple. In contrast to the very similar mountain Hellerkraut, the petals here are longer than the stamens. With 1 to 1.3 mm, the style is only slightly longer than the edge of the fruit.

Flowering time is from April to June.

Occurrence

In addition to Belgium and the Netherlands, the distribution of the Galmei-Hellerkrauts is endemic to parts of northwest Germany, which means that this country has a great deal of responsibility for species conservation. Apart from an isolated site on Silberberg in Lower Saxony near Osnabrück , the species still occurs in the Rhineland , where it is not strictly bound to Galmeifluren . They can also be found on the routes of old lorries or in the area of ​​former ore tunnels (e.g. in the Ahr valley ). Like other calamine plants , such as the yellow calamine violet and the calamine spring chickweed , Thlaspi calaminare is part of a glacial alpine relict flora . The taxonomic differentiation from the mountain Hellerkraut has not yet been finally clarified.

Galmei-Hellerkraut grows turf-forming on open, dry, nutrient-poor, base-rich and heavy metal-containing gravel soils. The species can tolerate a higher proportion of zinc salts in the soil. For this purpose, more than 20 percent of the ash weight of zinc oxides is accumulated in the leaves .

literature

  • Wilfried Ernst: Ecological-sociological investigations in the heavy metal plant communities of Central Europe including the Alps. Treatises from the State Museum for Natural History in Münster in Westphalia 27 (1): 1-54, Münster 1965, ISSN  0023-7906 .
  • Wilfried Ernst: Heavy metal vegetation of the earth. Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-437-30187-X .
  • Eckhard Garve: Distribution atlas of the fern and flowering plants in Lower Saxony and Bremen. Series of publications on nature conservation and landscape management in Lower Saxony 43: 1-507, Hanover 2007, ISSN  0933-1247 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Mathias Schwickerath: The Violetum calaminariae of the zinc soils in the area of ​​Aachen. Contributions to the preservation of natural monuments 14: 463–503, Berlin 1931.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Rothmaler, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, vascular plants: basic volume . 20th edition - Spectrum, Heidelberg, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 , p. 549

Web links

Commons : Galmei-Hellerkraut  - album with pictures, videos and audio files