Yellow calamine violet

Yellow calamine violet
	Yellow calamine violet ( Viola calaminaria )
Systematics
	Rosids
	Eurosiden I
Order :	Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family :	Violet family (Violaceae)
Genre :	Violets ( viola )
Type :	Yellow calamine violet
Scientific name
	Viola calaminaria
	Lej.

Yellow jellyfish

The yellow calamine violet ( Viola calaminaria ), yellow calamine pansy or short calamine violet, is an extremely rare species from the genus of violets ( Viola ) in the violet family (Violaceae), which only grows on soils containing heavy metals in the area from Aachen occurs. In its scientific name viola means "violet" and calaminaria means "belonging to calamine". It is a close relative of the yellow pansy of the Vosges and the Sudeten pansy and part of an alpine glacial relic flora . However , it is not directly related to the violet calamine pansy ( Viola guestphalica ).

description

The Galmeiveilchen has five yellow petals, the front three of which may have brown veins. It blooms the entire growing season from April to September. The flower is approx. 2 cm wide, the flower itself 5–10 cm tall. The Galmeiveilchen forms flower pads.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.

Dissemination and socialization

Because of its attachment to soils containing heavy metals, the yellow galmei particle is endemic to the triangle around Aachen, its distribution is limited to this area. In addition to a sporadic occurrence near Epen in Gulpen-Wittem in South Limburg , in the city region of Aachen near Breinig and Mausbach (in the NSG Brockenberg-Hassenberg , Bärenstein , Schlangenberg , Werther Weide and Napoleonsweg ), in the eastern Aachen districts Verlautenheide , Eilendorf and its district Nirm as well as in the area of the Altenberg near Kelmis in eastern Belgium on soils containing galme.

At these locations, it forms, with the white-flowered calamine Hellerkraut , the blooming pink calamine-thrift , the calamine fescue ( Festuca aquisgranensis ), a relative of sheep fescue ( Festuca ovina ), and the white-flowered calamine Spring Minimize a plant community whose index species it is and you Galmeiflora , Galmeivegetation, Galmeirasen, Galmeiflur or Mathias Schwickerath (1892-1974), who first described botanist, "zinc plant community" called ( Violetum calaminariae ).

ecology

The caterpillars of the brown-spotted mother-of-pearl moth ( Boloria selene ) feed on the flowers of the galleon.

natural reserve

Galmeivilchen are under nature protection . They may not be picked or dug up. Numerous Galmeifluren in the Aachen area are nature reserves . In Germany, the yellow calamine violet is classified as a national type of responsibility within the national strategy for biological diversity of the federal government.

literature

Ernst, W. (1965): Ecological-sociological investigations in the heavy metal plant communities of Central Europe including the Alps. - Dep. Westf. Mus. Naturkde. 27 (1): 1-54, Münster.
Holtz, Friedrich and Birgit Engelen: Galmeiveilchen, a piece of home, delicate and adapted. Meyer & Meyer Verlag Aachen 2000. ISBN 3-89124-684-6
Schwickerath, Mathias: The Violetum calaminariae of the zinc soils in the area of Aachen. In: Contribution to the preservation of natural monuments. 14. 1931, 463-503, Berlin.

Individual evidence

^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 674 .
↑ Species under special responsibility in Germany ( Memento of the original dated August 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, accessed on June 3, 2016 @1@ 2