Breinig

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Breinig
Coordinates: 50 ° 43 ′ 54 ″  N , 6 ° 12 ′ 35 ″  E
Height : 280 m above sea level NHN
Area : 17.25 km² (with Venwegen)
Residents : 4724  (2017)
Population density : 274 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 52223
Area code : 02402
View through Alt Breinig to the Barbarakirche

Breinig is a village in the Münsterländchen and since 1972 a district of Stolberg (Rhld.) In the Aachen city region . It is located in the Venn foreland in the northern Eifel . The population is 4,724 (as of 2017)

geography

Breinig includes Breinigerberg and Breinigerheide. Statistically, Breinigerberg counts as a separate district, while Breinigerheide (274.0 m above sea level ) is a small western district of Breinig. The altitude of Breinig is approx. 280 m above sea level. Neighboring towns are Dorff and Büsbach in the north, Breinigerberg in the east, Vicht and Zweifall in the southeast, Venwegen in the south and the Aachen districts Kornelimünster and Hahn in the west.

South of Breinig, the Schomet nature reserve includes a former quarry. Near Breinigerberg are the natural reserves Schlangenberg (with information center) and Bärenstein with occurrences of the rare calamine flora , a heavy metal lawn with the yellow calamine violet as the main species.

traffic

Euregiobahn in Breinig station

Several AVV bus lines (15, 35, 42 and 61) connect Breinig in all four directions to the Aachen and Stolberg urban areas.

By car you can get to the A4 via the Eschweiler-West junction, and the A 44 via the Aachen-Brand junction.

The nearest train station is Stolberg (Rhineland) Hauptbahnhof or Stolberg-Altstadt for the Euregiobahn , the extension of which is in progress on the existing Stolberg – Walheim line to Breinig.

Work is currently underway to connect the RB20 (Euregiobahn) coming from Stolberg with Breinig. For this purpose u. a. the Rüstbach Viaduct renewed. The start of traffic is planned for 2021 at the earliest.

history

The first documentary mention dates from 1303, but archaeologists have been able to prove a significantly earlier settlement in the vicinity of the place. Ore was mined there as early as Roman times. In addition to a number of Celtic-Roman houses made of the local bluestone , primitive smelting plants were discovered. A Roman road from northern France via Belgium to Gressenich , Düren and Cologne touched the place.

Since 817 the Münsterländchen belonged to the imperial abbey Kornelimünster as a crown property . Along with Kornelimünster, Brand, Walheim and Büsbach, Breinig was one of the five “Hunschaften” (military districts) of the abbey. Her feudal farms in Breinig were the Hönier Hof (today near Venwegen), the Mannlehen "Im Steg" on the Breinigerheide and the "Hof auf der Heiden" (Schützheide), which can be traced back almost completely to the beginning of the 15th century.
In 881 , Vikings plundered and pillaged the abbey and its crown property. In 1310 it was plundered by the citizens of Aachen under Abbot Reibaldus.

During the heyday of the copper masters in the early modern period, Breiniger calamine was used in their copper yards . That brought the place a modest prosperity. At times up to 700 ore workers worked in the area of ​​the Schlangenberg (now a nature reserve ).

In 1648, Breinig was sacked after the Thirty Years' War . In the troubled times of the warlike 17th century, the Breiniger Schützen acted as a kind of vigilante . In 1686 the mining law was issued. A St. Barbara chapel was built in 1731. At the beginning of the 19th century it was elevated to a parish and today's church was built on the site of the chapel from 1852 to 1858. On February 18, 1756, a strong earthquake caused many houses to collapse.

In 1794 the French abolished the departmental administration and Breinig established a so-called agency, which belonged to the canton of Burtscheidt within the Rur department with the capital Aachen.

1815 came Breinig to Prussia and became part of the district of Aachen in the administrative district of Aachen . Breinig came to the Kornelimünster community, to which it belonged until it was incorporated into the city of Stolberg on January 1, 1972 in the new Aachen district . In 1880 the Stolberg-Walheim railway line was built by Breinig and in 1889 the Breinig train station , which is now a listed building. Until 1922, ore was mined in the Cornelia ore mine in the Breiniger Heide area. Many Breinigers worked in the lead and zinc smelters in the Eschweiler Stolberg area .

In May 1940, before the French campaign began , Wehrmacht soldiers were billeted in and around Breinig. On September 14, 1944, US tanks advanced into the so-called “ Stolberg Corridor ” in Breinig .

Due to the municipal code of 1946, Breinig was given its own mayor, while the administration remained centrally in Kornelimünster.

In 1971 Breinig, together with Kornelimünster , Mulartshütte , Roetgen , Venwegen and Walheim, pleaded for the formation of a community of Münsterländchen . For geographic reasons, primarily because of the B 258 settlement axis , part of the Kornelimünster community (now in the Kornelimünster / Walheim district ) came to Aachen on January 1, 1972 . Breinig, Venwegen and most of the Kornelimünster municipality area became Stolberg districts, although they are not part of the local supply area. Dorff stayed with Stolberg.

Attractions

Alt-Breinig
Barbarakirche

The historic center of Alt Breinig is worth seeing , a whole historical street around the parish church of St. Barbara , built around 1830 according to plans by Johann Peter Cremer in the Nazarene style , with quarry stone houses, which is under monument protection, as well as the old manors Gut Stockem and Gut Rochenhaus . Since 1980 around 90 buildings in the historic town center have been renovated down to the last detail. Breinig is a member of the working group for historic town centers in North Rhine-Westphalia.

The sculpture by the local artist Hermann Koch , which the "Eifel- und Heimatverein Breinig 1988" had set up on the corner of Wilhelm-Pitz-Straße and Neustraße, combines the elements of the Breiniger homeland of stone, bluestone, ores, calamine and the symbols for Music and poaching.

A natural monument is a group of linden trees in the cemetery on Neustraße.

Breinig as a film set

Breinig has served as a film set several times, for example for the following films:

Linguistics

The name of the place changed from Bredenych and Breidenich to Breinig . The original form Britiniacum is a conjecture of local researchers Franz Duisberg and Willi Roeger on the basis of a consideration of sound shifts and a comparison with other ancient place names in the area.

societies

  • Sports club SV Breinig
  • Schützenbruderschaft St. Sebastianus Breinig 1666 e. V.
  • Turnerbund 1893 Breinig e. V.
  • Eifel and Heimatverein Breinig e. V.
  • Drummers and Pfeiferkorps Breinig 1922 e. V.
  • DRK readiness Breinig
  • KG scapegoats 1976

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Breinig  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sonja Essers: More births, but fewer inhabitants in Stolberg. In: Stolberger Zeitung. Retrieved February 2, 2019 .
  2. ^ [1] Breinig with the Euregiobahn
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 305 .
  4. ^ Franz Duisberg, Willi Roeger: Breinig and the Breiniger. A little world history from the village perspective. Self-published by the Eifel and Heimatverein Breinig, 2nd edition 1983