Johann Peter Cremer

Johann Peter Cremer

Johann Peter Cremer (born October 30, 1785 in Cologne , † August 1, 1863 in Aachen ) was a German architect and builder of classicism and later neo-Gothic .

Live and act

Cremer studied at the École polytechnique in Paris with Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand . Early on, he decided to use the forms of classicism with elements of the Greek style. Cremer was in a lively exchange of ideas with Adolph von Vagedes in Düsseldorf , who was also a student of Durand.

In 1817 Cremer was appointed state building inspector of the building administration at the Aachen district government and immediately began planning the new Aachen city theater after carefully studying the designs of the Berlin theater under Karl Friedrich Schinkel and the city buildings by Friedrich Weinbrenner in Karlsruhe . Almost at the same time, Cremer also created the designs for the Elisenbrunnen in Aachen based on plans by Schinkel, who at the time was the secret senior building officer for the superstructure deputation in Berlin . Numerous other smaller and larger buildings followed, mainly in Aachen, and most of them were executed and implemented by the Aachen master builder Andreas Hansen and supported by the respective city builders and architects Adam Franz Friedrich Leydel and Friedrich Josef Ark .

But Cremer's services were also increasingly valued outside of Aachen. The architecture of the Elberfeld town hall (today the municipal museum building) in Wuppertal , which is now home to the Von der Heydt Museum , goes back to his plans and for a long time it was considered the most beautiful classical building in the Rhineland. Cremer also worked as an architect for the construction of several churches in the suburbs of Aachen and the wider area. After the drafts for the new main customs office in Aachen and its completion in 1849, Cremer, meanwhile promoted to government architect, changed his previous classicist style and designed, for example, the churches in Breinig and Titz- Rödingen in the neo-Gothic style and based on the model of the old Gothic Dominican church St. Paul in Aachen.

family

In addition to Johann Peter Cremer and his brother Johann Baptist Cremer, other deserving architects and builders came from this family:

• Robert Ferdinand Cremer (1826–1882), son of Johann Peter Cremer and, among other things, architect of the Royal Rhenish-Westphalian Polytechnic, today's RWTH Aachen , built in the neo-Renaissance style
• Friedrich Albert Cremer (1824–1891), son of Johann Peter Cremer and, among other things, architect of the Chemical Institute of the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin and of the guilty prison .

Buildings (selection)

year	image	place	object	state	comment
1815		Elberfeld	Memorial to the Wars of Liberation in Deweerth'schen Garten	North Rhine-Westphalia	not received
1817-1820		Elberfeld	Facade design of the Gesellschaftshaus Museum	North Rhine-Westphalia	not received
1816-1820		Elberfeld	Private houses of the Siebel, de Werth, vom Rath and von der Heydt families	North Rhine-Westphalia	not received
1817-1825		Aachen	City Theatre	North Rhine-Westphalia	Together with Karl Friedrich Schinkel , changed and enlarged around 1900.
1820-1827		Aachen	Elisenbrunnen	North Rhine-Westphalia	Cooperation with Karl Friedrich Schinkel
1822		Aachen	Congressional Memorial	North Rhine-Westphalia	1837 Revision with additions by Schinkel
1822		Aachen	former Dominican Church of St. Paul	North Rhine-Westphalia	Reconstruction of the monastery church of the Dominican monastery in Aachen (together with Karl Friedrich Schinkel)
1818-1824		Bardenberg	Catholic parish church: St. Peter and Paul	North Rhine-Westphalia
1826-1842		Elberfeld	town hall	North Rhine-Westphalia	later Von der Heydt Museum
1827		Aachen	Government building on Theaterplatz	North Rhine-Westphalia
1829/30		Aachen	German customs post on the German-Dutch border in Aachen- Vaalserquartier	North Rhine-Westphalia	The building was completed at the same time as the new Aachen-Maastricht road.
1834		Inferior	Villa Dahl (popularly Dahl Castle )	North Rhine-Westphalia	for the businessman Carl Feldhoff
1843		Roe	Catholic parish church: St. Anthony	North Rhine-Westphalia
1844-1845		Holzheim	Catholic parish church: St. Lambertus	North Rhine-Westphalia
1847		Pastures	Protestant church	North Rhine-Westphalia
1846-1849		Aachen	Main customs office	North Rhine-Westphalia
1852-1855		Breinig	Catholic parish church: St. Barbara	North Rhine-Westphalia
1856-1858		Rödingen	Catholic parish church: St. Cornelius	North Rhine-Westphalia
1858-1861		Walheim	Catholic parish church: St. Anna	North Rhine-Westphalia

literature

• Johannes Everling: The architects Adam Franz Friedrich Leydel and Johann Peter Cremer and their significance for Aachen building history , Aachen, 1923.
• Ingeborg Schild : The Cremer brothers and their church buildings , Kühlen, Mönchengladbach 1965.
• Johannes Everling: Classicism in Aachen , self-published, Aachen, 1973.
• Frigge-Marie Friedrich: Karl Friedrich Schinkel, the builder of Prussia and his pupil Johann Peter Cremer, the "Schinkel" of Aachen and his sons of architects ; Starnberg, Creativstudio Friedrich 2008.

Web links

Commons : Johann Peter Cremer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Antonia Dinnebier : Gardens - Goods - Architects. On the trail of Wuppertal architecture in the first half of the 19th century at bgv-wuppertal.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Source: City Archives Aachen