Veterinary University Dresden

The Dresden University of Veterinary Medicine was a university of veterinary medicine in Dresden . Founded in 1889, its forerunners date back to 1774, making it one of the oldest institutions of its kind in Germany. In 1923 it was affiliated to the University of Leipzig as the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and moved to the trade fair city.

Location

The buildings of the University of Veterinary Medicine are located on Zirkusstraße between Pillnitzer and Seidnitzer Straße in the Pirnaische Vorstadt . They are among the few structures in this district that were partially preserved after the air raids of 1945 . The former Sächsische Serumwerk Dresden borders directly to the north of the former university campus .

history

Seal mark KS Thierärztliche Hochschule Dresden

Veterinary medicine was practiced purely empirically until the second half of the 18th century. Then the first veterinary schools were founded, because horses in the Saxon army and domestic animals in agriculture were becoming more and more important and losses due to cattle diseases were to be minimized. The establishment of a state veterinary school was already an issue in the Saxon state parliament in 1766. After the plans failed in 1771 due to lack of money, Christian Friedrich Weber, who trained at the École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort in France from 1768, founded a private veterinary training institute in Dresden in 1774, which is only the fourth institution of this Art traded in Europe. After he died on November 2, 1778, the Saxon state bought the property and the educational establishment on December 19, 1780 and made them subordinate to the Oberstallamt . At first there was only one teacher, Georg Ludwig Rumpelt , and from 1795 a second one. Problems during this time were the extensive lack of knowledge about the life phenomena of the various animal species, the low reputation of veterinarians, which led to a lack of teachers, and the poor educational background of the students. In this form, the "Churfürstliche Thier-Arzney-Schule Dresden" remained under the supervision of the Oberstallamt until 1817.

With effect from February 2, 1817, it was subordinated to the management of the Royal Surgical and Medicinal Academy under Carl Gustav Carus , which had been founded only two years earlier and was then housed in the Kurländer Palais . This was combined with the introduction of fixed curricula and exams under the supervision of medical professionals - at that time there were four professorships together with human medicine. The training lasted two years, so the students were divided into two classes. In the intensive medical training together with human physicians, which had undoubtedly improved, special veterinary aspects took a back seat. Course blacksmiths, who were to serve as horse doctors in the army, were not yet trained at the veterinary school and, unlike its graduates, did not have to take a final exam. The connection to the Medical Academy existed until 1856.

Since June 14, 1856, the "Animal Medicine School" was under a "Commission for the Veterinary System". According to the curriculum set a year later, the course lasted seven semesters. At that time there were two natural science and two veterinary medicine chairs at the facility. Up until 1869 no educational qualifications were required for admission to studies. Therefore, from 1857, candidates had to prove knowledge of the German language, mathematics, geography and natural history in an entrance examination before starting their studies . From 1858, military veterinarians had to pass the same examination as civilian veterinarians. In the years 1878 and 1886 the curricula were changed, the study time remained the same. In 1861 the veterinary school was housed on Pillnitzer Straße in Dresden, and in 1877 a barracks was built on the school grounds to accommodate the military students. The new main building at Zirkusstrasse 40 was completed in 1886.

In 1889, on the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the Wettin rule in Saxony, the school was given the status of " Royal Saxon Veterinary College". At the turn of the century there were already 15 professors. A matriculation examination was introduced as a prerequisite for admission to the course in 1902. A year later, on November 17, 1903, a habilitation regulation came into force. In 1903 the university received a rectorate constitution and became formally independent through the appointment of its own rector and the senate. From 1907, doctorates to the Dr. med. vet. possible in conjunction with the Medical Faculty of the University of Leipzig . In 1908 and 1912/13, further subjects such as art history and law were added to the curriculum, which is why the duration of the course was extended to eight semesters. In 1914, eleven full and five extraordinary professors, seven lecturers and eleven private lecturers were teaching at the university. Due to the rapid development of veterinary medicine, however, the buildings in Dresden soon became too small. Even in the time before the First World War , those responsible were considering a completely new building. It was finally started in Leipzig in 1914 and completed in 1923.

The University of Leipzig, at which Friedrich Anton Zürn founded a veterinary institute with an attached veterinary clinic in 1878, took over what was now the Dresden University of Veterinary Medicine in 1923 and incorporated it as an independent veterinary faculty . This involved the complete move of the educational establishment to Leipzig and the independence was again lost. In October 1968, as a result of the third university reform in the GDR , the faculty was combined with parts of the agricultural and horticultural faculty to form the animal production and veterinary medicine section of the Karl Marx University in Leipzig . It was not until July 1, 1990 that an independent veterinary faculty was re-established. The old, golden rector chain , which the rector of the then veterinary college in 1907 from King Friedrich August III. was awarded, is still worn by the dean of the faculty on official occasions. Due to his long independence, he is the only one of the 14 deans of Leipzig University who has such an insignia .

After the university moved to Leipzig, the Dresden buildings continued to be used in various ways. Between 1926 and 1939, for example, the predecessor of the Deutsche Fotothek was housed in House I and House F. Other subsequent users included schools and publishers. The former Sächsische Serumwerk Dresden also extended to the site. Several buildings fell victim to the air raids on Dresden in 1945 , but some have been preserved.

people

• Hermann Baum (1864–1932), professor of veterinary anatomy and physiology from 1898
• Gustav Brandes (1862–1941), zoo director and associate professor from 1910
• Wilhelm Ellenberger (1848–1929), university rector from 1903
• Johann Ernst Falke (1805–1880), teacher at the Veterinary Institute from 1829 to 1832
• Heinrich David August Ficinus (1782–1857), professor of natural history, pharmacy and general and special therapy from 1817
• Gottlieb Carl Haubner (1806–1882), first state veterinarian, teaching areas of disease theory, drug theory, general animal husbandry including dietetics , police and judicial veterinary medicine
• Georg Kelling (1866–1945), internist and gastroenterologist, did research at the veterinary school at the end of the 19th century
• Martin Klimmer (1873–1943), professor of animal hygiene, bacteriology and infectious diseases from 1902
• Theodor Leisering (1820–1892), professor of theoretical veterinary medicine from 1857
• Paul Müller (1892–1963), NSDAP politician, studied in 1914 at the veterinary college
• Wilhelm Müller-Lenhartz (1873–1952), private lecturer, completed his habilitation in 1917
• Ernst August Pech (1788–1863), university professor
• Etha Richter (1883–1977), first woman to be matriculated at this university, later an animal illustrator
• Johannes Max Hugo Richter (1878–1943), Professor and Director of the Institute for Animal Breeding and Obstetrics from 1912 to 1943
• Oskar Röder (1862–1954), professor of practical veterinary medicine from 1899
• Carl Arthur Scheunert (1879–1957), full professor from 1910
• Burkhard Wilhelm Seiler (1779–1843), rector from 1817
• Bruno Steglich (1857–1929), professor of economics from 1912

literature

• Saxon State Veterinary Association (Ed.): 140 years of public veterinary services in Saxony. Review of the development of veterinary activities for the protection of humans and animals. Dresden 1996.

Web links

• Veterinary Faculty of the University of Leipzig
• Elevation of the west wing of the teaching and stable building of the Epidemic Research Institute of the Veterinary University, 1903

Individual evidence

1. ↑ dresden-und-sachsen.de ( Memento of the original dated November 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ archiv.sachsen.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ vet-magazin.com
4. ↑ photo.dresden.de
5. ↑ deutschefotothek.de

Archives in the main state archive in Dresden

Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 45 ′ 0 ″  E