Inks

The division of living beings into systematics is a continuous subject of research. Different systematic classifications exist side by side and one after the other. The taxon treated here has become obsolete due to new research or is not part of the group systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia.

This Schockftintling has started to form spore-containing drops on the edge of the screen.

Inks ( Coprinus sensu lato ) is a name for a group of mushroom species that were previously all placed in the genus Coprinus . These are species of the Agaricomycetidae that grow saprobion table on wood, peat , dung or soil. They all have an acorn to bell-shaped hat that later flares up and that melts with age. Their fruit layer consists of lamellae that are initially white to light ocher and later turn dark brown to black. In all species, the stem starts in the middle of the hat and is hollow on the inside. Your spore print is dark brown to black.

However, several DNA analyzes revealed that the inks are polyphyletic , i.e. they contain species that are more closely related to other groups of fungi than to each other. Sometimes these genera even belong to different families. Scott A. Redhead et al. therefore suggested a division into four genera ( Coprinus s. str. , Coprinellus , Coprinopsis and Parasola ), whereby only a small part of the original species remains in Coprinus . The family of Tintling-like (Coprinaceae), whose type genus Coprinus s. l. and which only contains a fraction of the remaining species, must therefore be renamed to fibrous relatives (Psathyrellaceae) because Coprinus s. st. within the mushroom relatives (Agaricaceae).

The name of the inks comes from their use: When ripe, the lamellae and often the hat melt away within a few hours due to self-digestion ( autolysis ). This spore-containing liquid, which normally drips to the ground, was used to make indelible ink, often with clove oil as a preservative. For the preparation of ink from Tintlingen mainly larger and more common types come into consideration , such as the Schopftintling ( Coprinus comatus ) and the Faltinintling ( Coprinopsis atramentarius ), but also other inks, including, for example, the smaller, often en masse mica ink ( Coprinellus micaceus ).

Web links

Commons : Tintlinge ( Coprinus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

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literature

• Andreas Bresinsky : How won, so melted - why inks melted away . In: Der Tintling 46 (1), March 2006, ISSN  1430-595X , pp. 9-16.
• German Josef Krieglsteiner , Andreas Gminder (Hrsg.): Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 5: Mushrooms. Agarics III. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8001-3572-1 .
• Scott A. Redhead, Rytas Vilgalys, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Jacqui Johnson, John S. Hopple, Jr .: Coprinus Pers. and the Disposition of Coprinus Species sensu lato. In: Taxon 50 (1), February 2001, pp. 203-241.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Krieglsteiner & Gminder 2010 , p. 534.
2. ↑ Redhead et al. 2001 , p. 204.
3. ↑ Bresinsky 2006 , pp. 9-16.