Tiszaeszlár
| Tiszaeszlár | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State : | Hungary | ||||
| Region : | Northern Great Plain | ||||
| County : | Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg | ||||
| Coordinates : | 48 ° 2 ' N , 21 ° 27' E | ||||
| Area : | 54.51 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 2,575 (January 1, 2015) | ||||
| Population density : | 47 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Postal code : | 4464 | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2019) | |||||
| Community type : | local community | ||||
| Mayor : | László Vajda (independent) | ||||
| Website : | |||||
Tiszaeszlár , also outdated Tisza-Eszlár, is a municipality in the Tiszavasvári County in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County . The small, rural village became famous in the 19th century in connection with the Tiszaeszlár affair .
location
Tiszaeszlár is located southeast of Tokaj , on the eastern bank of the Tisza . Neighboring municipalities are clockwise: Tiszanagyfalu in the north, Nyírtelek in the east, Nagyczerkesz in the southeast, Tiszalök in the south, Tiszaladány in the west. A small part of Tiszaeszlár borders directly on the area of the Tokaj, which lies beyond the Tisza and Bodrog in the north-west.
origin of the name
The name Tiszaeszlár is composed of Tisza, the Hungarian name of the Tisza , and the actual place name Eszlár - this second part seems to be originally from Turkic language with the typical Turkic plural formation on "-lar", also in the oldest traditional name forms Azlar, Uzlar, Ozslar. The meaning of the basic word to which this plural is formed is disputed. It could refer to a subgroup of the Alans who appear as Os (cf. also the names of the Ossetians ), As or Jász in different contexts.
history
The first mention of it comes from the year 1220. Until 1261 it was a property of the church in Eger, when it was replaced by the Bishop of Eger for the lands of Sándor Karászi near Eger. From the 14th to the 18th century there were several families in the possession of the place (Biri, Doby, Lónyay, Sztritey, Újfalussy, Tatay, Tschernel, Péchy, Ibrányi, Teleky, Zoltán). At the beginning of the 17th century, István Bocskai settled in the depopulated Heiducken village with only 49 inhabitants . Due to the floods of the Tisza, construction of Újfalu (= "Neudorf") began in 1858, south of the old Eszlár, today Ófalu (= "Altdorf").
In 1882 Tiszaészlar came into the focus of the Hungarian and international public in connection with anti-Semitic allegations of ritual murder because of a missing and later found girl (who in reality apparently drowned). The Tiszeszlár affair was and still is prominently perceived and discussed by anti-Semitism opponents as well as anti-Semites. A memorial stone for the alleged murder victim, Eszter Solymosi, has been erected in Tiszaeszlár in recent years. The right-wing politician István Csurka, known for repeated anti-Semitic attacks, and several 100 supporters of the MIÉP met here on September 11, 2003 for public commemoration. Mayor of Tiszeszlár was Tibor Barnabás Nagy, chairman of the MIÉP from 2014 to 2019. Until the election of the new independent mayor, the place was generally regarded as the “last bastion of the MIÉP”.
Population composition
In 2001, 96% of the population of the settlement said they were Hungarian and 4% said they were Roma.
Personalities
- István Török (born December 1, 1904), Reformed theologian and professor.
- András Skarbit (born November 7, 1925), worker, known from the work of the photographer Péter Korniss ( The Guest Worker )
literature
- Kovalovszki Júlia: Településásatások Tiszaeszlár-Bashalmon: Bronze Kor, III.-IV. és XI-XIII. század (Fontes archaeologici Hungariae)
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ Cf. Gyula Kristo: Non-Hungarian peoples in medieval Hungary. Gabriele Schäfer Publishing House. Herne 2008, p. 258. Of course, Kristo contrasts the Jász with the Alans and assumes that the Jász were scattered around in the 100 years before the actual immigration.
- ↑ See https://szabolcsihir.hu/helyben-jaro/2019/10/tiszaeszlar-utolso-bastyajat-is-elvesztette-a-miep
- ↑ A 2001-es népszámlálás nemzetiségi adatsora
- ↑ See https://www.worldpressphoto.org/collection/photo/1986/34334/1/1986-Peter-Korniss-DLS2-AJ with photo by Skarbit