Trinitroaniline

Structural formula
General
Surname	Trinitroaniline
other names	2,4,6-trinitroaniline Picramid TNA
Molecular formula	C 6 H 4 N 4 O 6
Brief description	orange-red crystals
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 489-98-5 EC number 207-703-3 ECHA InfoCard 100.007.004 PubChem 10271 ChemSpider 9852 Wikidata Q414630
properties
Molar mass	228.12 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.72 g cm −3
Melting point	188 ° C
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

The trinitroaniline ( 2,4,6-trinitroaniline , picramide ) forms orange-red crystals with a melting point of 188 ° C. It is derived from both aniline and nitrobenzene . The structure consists of a benzene ring with an attached amino group  (-NH ₂ ) and three nitro groups  (-NO ₂ ) as substituents . Trinitroaniline, like many other trinitrobenzene derivatives, is explosive.

presentation

It is prepared from trinitrochlorobenzene by reaction with ammonia or by nitration of p-nitroaniline .

properties

Trinitroaniline is a crystalline solid. The connection is particularly explosive when dry due to impact, friction, heat and other ignition sources and is subject to the Explosives Act .

Table with important explosion-relevant properties:

Oxygen balance	−56.1%
Nitrogen content	24.56%
Normal gas volume	972 l kg −1
Explosion heat	3592 kJ kg −1 (H 2 O (l)) 3498 kJ kg −1 (H 2 O (g))
Specific energy	972 kJ kg −1 (68.1 mt / kg)
Lead block bulge	31.0 cm 3 g −1
Detonation velocity	7300 m s −1
Deflagration point	346 ° C
Steel sleeve test	Limit diameter 3.5 mm
Sensitivity to impact	15 Nm
Rubbing sensitivity	no reaction up to 353 N pin load

literature

• James R. Holden, Charles Dickinson, Charles M. Bock: "Crystal structure of 2,4,6-trinitroaniline", J. Phys. Chem., 1972, 76 (24), pp. 3597-3602 ( doi : 10.1021 / j100668a017 ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o} Köhler, J .; Meyer, R .; Homburg, A .: Explosivstoffe , tenth, completely revised edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2008, p. 328, ISBN 978-3-527-32009-7 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Explosivstoffe , Wasag-Chemie, Essen 1961, p. 163.
3. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
4. ↑ Roth, L .; Weller, U .: Hazardous Chemical Reactions , 65th supplement, ecomed-Verlag 2011.
5. ↑ Explosives Act, Appendix I, List of Explosive Substances ( BGBl. 1975 I p. 853 ), to which the law is to be applied in full.