Trinitroaniline
Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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General | |||||||||||||||||||
Surname | Trinitroaniline | ||||||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 6 H 4 N 4 O 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
orange-red crystals |
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 228.12 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
1.72 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
188 ° C |
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safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
The trinitroaniline ( 2,4,6-trinitroaniline , picramide ) forms orange-red crystals with a melting point of 188 ° C. It is derived from both aniline and nitrobenzene . The structure consists of a benzene ring with an attached amino group (-NH 2 ) and three nitro groups (-NO 2 ) as substituents . Trinitroaniline, like many other trinitrobenzene derivatives, is explosive.
presentation
It is prepared from trinitrochlorobenzene by reaction with ammonia or by nitration of p-nitroaniline .
properties
Trinitroaniline is a crystalline solid. The connection is particularly explosive when dry due to impact, friction, heat and other ignition sources and is subject to the Explosives Act .
Table with important explosion-relevant properties: Oxygen balance −56.1% Nitrogen content 24.56% Normal gas volume 972 l kg −1 Explosion heat 3592 kJ kg −1 (H 2 O (l))
3498 kJ kg −1 (H 2 O (g))Specific energy 972 kJ kg −1 (68.1 mt / kg) Lead block bulge 31.0 cm 3 g −1 Detonation velocity 7300 m s −1 Deflagration point 346 ° C Steel sleeve test Limit diameter 3.5 mm Sensitivity to impact 15 Nm Rubbing sensitivity no reaction up to 353 N pin load
literature
- James R. Holden, Charles Dickinson, Charles M. Bock: "Crystal structure of 2,4,6-trinitroaniline", J. Phys. Chem., 1972, 76 (24), pp. 3597-3602 ( doi : 10.1021 / j100668a017 ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Köhler, J .; Meyer, R .; Homburg, A .: Explosivstoffe , tenth, completely revised edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2008, p. 328, ISBN 978-3-527-32009-7 .
- ↑ a b c d Explosivstoffe , Wasag-Chemie, Essen 1961, p. 163.
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ↑ Roth, L .; Weller, U .: Hazardous Chemical Reactions , 65th supplement, ecomed-Verlag 2011.
- ↑ Explosives Act, Appendix I, List of Explosive Substances ( BGBl. 1975 I p. 853 ), to which the law is to be applied in full.