Trinitroanisole
Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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General | |||||||||||||||||||
Surname | Trinitroanisole | ||||||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 7 H 5 N 3 O 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
white to light yellow crystals |
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 243.13 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
1.61 g cm −3 (20 ° C) |
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Melting point |
68 ° C |
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solubility |
insoluble in water, soluble in diethyl ether and hot ethanol |
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safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
The trinitroanisole ( 2,4,6-trinitroanisole ) forms white to light yellow crystals with a melting point of 68 ° C. It is derived from both anisole (methoxybenzene) and nitrobenzene . The structure consists of a benzene ring with an attached methoxy group (-OCH 3 ) and three nitro groups (-NO 2 ) as substituents . It's an explosive .
presentation
It is prepared from 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene by reaction with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide and further nitration of the intermediate, or directly from trinitrochlorobenzene likewise by reaction with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide.
properties
Trinitroanisole is a crystalline solid. The connection is particularly explosive when dry due to impact, friction, heat and other ignition sources and is subject to the Explosives Act .
Table with important explosion-relevant properties: Oxygen balance −62.5% Nitrogen content 17.29% Normal gas volume 1001 l kg −1 Explosion heat 3715 kJ kg −1 (H 2 O (l))
3601 kJ kg −1 (H 2 O (g))Specific energy 968 kJ kg −1 (98.7 mt / kg) Lead block bulge 29.5 cm 3 g −1 Detonation velocity 6800 m s −1 Deflagration point 285 ° C Steel sleeve test Limit diameter 12 mm Sensitivity to impact 20 Nm Rubbing sensitivity no reaction up to 353 N pin load
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o J. Köhler, R. Meyer, A. Homburg: Explosivstoffe. 10th, completely revised edition. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2008, ISBN 978-3-527-32009-7 , p. 328.
- ↑ a b c Explosives. Wasag-Chemie, Essen 1961, p. 164.
- ↑ a b c Entry for CAS no. 606-35-9 in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on October 12, 2012(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ Entry on 2,4,6-trinitroanisole in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
- ↑ US Government data sheet .
- ↑ L. Roth, U. Weller: Hazardous chemical reactions. 65. Supplementary delivery. ecomed-Verlag, 2011.
- ↑ Explosives Act, Appendix I, List of Explosive Substances ( BGBl. 1975 I p. 853 ), to which the law is to be applied in full.