Rust-browed wren

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Rust-browed wren
Rufous-browed Wren - cropped.jpg

Rust-browed wren ( Troglodytes rufociliatus )

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Certhioidea
Family : Wrens (Troglodytidae)
Genre : Troglodytes
Type : Rust-browed wren
Scientific name
Troglodytes rufociliatus
Sharpe , 1882

The rust-browed wren ( Troglodytes rufociliatus ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae), in Mexico , Guatemala , Honduras , El Salvador and Nicaragua is widespread. The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The rust-browed wren reaches a body length of about 10.0 to 11.5 cm with a weight of about 11.0 g. The yellow-brown reins are demarcated by darker brown. The light yellow-brown eye stripe stands out from the dark brown upper ear covers. The crown of the head and the back are colored warm brown with unclear darker stripes on the back. The rump is warm brown with dark stripes, the shoulders warm brown with a few grayish white stripes. The hand and arm wings are patterned grayish black, yellow-brown and brown. The chin is yellow-brown, the throat and chest ocher to yellow-brown, which merges into reddish-yellow-brown with unclear, darker patterns on the sides. The flanks are gray, warm brown and dark brown. The middle of the abdomen is sometimes indistinctly spotted, and the lower abdomen and rump are patterned. The control springs are warm brown. The eyes are brown, the beak dark horn-colored with a lighter base at the lower beak, the legs dark gray-brown. Both sexes are similar. Young animals resemble adult birds, but the pattern on the flanks is more indistinct. The breast feathers also have fine dark hems.

Behavior and nutrition

Little data is available on the nutrition of the rust-brow wren. It was observed how it preyed on caterpillars. He looks for his food mostly in pairs in the relatively lower strata in thick epiphytes and on shrubbery. He is also out and about on the epiphytes of tree branches.

Vocalizations

The song of the rust-browed wren is a variable, scratchy whistle which turns into a ringing trill. He also makes a loud nasal tsuit sound.

Reproduction

Nests of the rust-browed wren were discovered in Guatemala from the third week of April until early July. In May, birds were seen in El Salvador in breeding mood. All three nests that were discovered come from Guatemala. These were goblet-shaped nests made of grass and pine needles. They were in the indentations of dead tree stumps up to three feet above the ground. The nests contained three white eggs, all of which were speckled with cinnamon. The incubation is carried out exclusively by the female. Occasionally the male was at the nest for feeding, which is relatively unusual for a wren.

distribution and habitat

The rust-browed wren prefers moist mountain forests with many epiphytes. In El Salvador it is only found in the dampest and darkest areas of the cloud and cloud forest . In Guatemala, its habitat seems to be more variable. It occurs in mixed oak and pine forests and epiphyte- cypress forests. It moves at altitudes of 1700 to 3500 meters. In Nicaragua it has also been spotted at 1250 meters.

migration

The rust-browed wren is considered a resident bird .

Subspecies

There are four known subspecies.

  • Troglodytes rufociliatus chiapensis Brodkorb , 1943 is widespread in Chiapas in southern Mexico. The subspecies is darker brown on the upper side than the nominate form , the throat is more colorfully reddish, the belly is almost completely white and the rump is greyish.
  • Troglodytes rufociliatus rehni Stone , 1932 occurs from Honduras to northwestern Nicaragua. The subspecies is reddish brown on top, the throat is ocher and the belly is yellow-brown.
  • Troglodytes rufociliatus rufociliatus Sharpe , 1882 is common in south-central Guatemala and northern El Salvador.
  • Troglodytes rufociliatus nannoides Dickey & van Rossem , 1929 occurs in southwest El Salvador. The subspecies is darker on the back and the patterns on the flanks are more noticeable.

Etymology and history of research

The first description of the rust-browed Wren in 1882 by Richard Bowdler Sharpe under the scientific name Troglodytes rufociliatus . The type specimen was collected by Osbert Salvin in the Chirostemon Forest on the Volcán de Fuego . As early as 1809, Louis Pierre Vieillot introduced the genus Troglodytes, which was new to science . This name is derived from "trōglē, trōgō κτρωγλη, τρωγω " for "cave, gnaw" and "-dutēs, duō -δυτης, δυω " for "diving, immersing". The species name »rufociliatus« is a Latin word formation from »rufus« for »red-brown« and »ciliatus, cillare, cilia« for »eyebrows, wink, eyelashes«. »Rehni« is dedicated to James Abram Garfield Rehn (1881–1965). "Chiapensis" refers to the Mexican state of Chiapas. "Nannoides" is made up of the generic name Nannus Billberg , 1828 for a wren and the Greek "-οιδης, -oidēs -οιδης " for "similar". “Nannus” in turn is derived from “nannos ναννος ” for “dwarf”.

literature

  • Pierce Brodkorb: The Rufous-browed Wrens of Chiapas, Mexico . In: Occasional papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan . No. 480 , 1943, pp. 1–3 (English, deepblue.lib.umich.edu [PDF; 83 kB ]).
  • Donald Ryder Dickey, Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: A new race of Troglodytes rufociliatus from El Salvador . In: The Ibis (=  12 ). tape 5 , no. 2 , 1929, p. 264-266 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1474-919X.1929.tb08759.x .
  • Edward Clive Dickinson , Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray Duncan Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology . Aves Press Limited, Northampton 2012, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Donald Eugene Kroodsma, David Brewer in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Rufous-browed Wren (Troglodytes rufociliatus) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Richard Bowdler Sharpe: Catalog of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds in the collection of the British Museum . tape 6 . Order of the Trustees, London 1882 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1881).
  • Witmer Stone: The Birds of Honduras with Special Reference to a Collection Made in 1930 by John T. Emlen, Jr., and C. Brooke Worth . In: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . tape 84 , 1932, pp. 291-342 , JSTOR : 4064133 .
  • Louis Pierre Vieillot: Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique Septentrionale, contenant un grand nombre d'espèces décrites ou figurées pour la première fois . 2 (delivery 18). Chez Desray, Paris 1809 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1807-1809).

Web links

Commons : Rust-browed wren ( Troglodytes rufociliatus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Donald Eugene Kroodsma u. a.
  2. ↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers
  3. ↑ a b Pierce Brodkorb (1843), p. 1.
  4. ↑ a b Witmer Stone (1932), p. 328.
  5. ^ A b Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1882), pp. XII & 262.
  6. ↑ Donald Ryder Dickey et al. a. (1929), p. 265.
  7. ↑ Louis Pierre Vieillot (1809), pp. 52–56.
  8. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 391.
  9. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 342.
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 265.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Vieillot categorized the house wren ( Troglodytes aedon ) and the reed warbler ( Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) in the new genus.
  2. ↑ For the history of the publication see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. P. 157.