Tsachurian language
Tsachurian | ||
---|---|---|
Spoken in |
Azerbaijan , Dagestan ( Russian Federation ) | |
speaker | approx. 20,000 | |
Linguistic classification |
|
|
Official status | ||
Recognized minority / regional language in |
Dagestan | |
Language codes | ||
ISO 639 -1 |
- |
|
ISO 639 -2 |
cau |
|
ISO 639-3 |
tkr |
Tsachurian (proper name: цIаIхна миз [tsʼaʕχna miz]) is a ( Northeast Caucasian ) post-Dagestani language and belongs to the subgroup of the Lesgian languages .
It is spoken by around 13,000 people in Azerbaijan and around 7,000 in the Autonomous Republic of Dagestan ( Russian Federation ).
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In the 1930s, a short-lived experiment with its own written language was started in Azerbaijan . Tsachuric has recently been used again as a written language, with the Cyrillic alphabet being used for writing in Russia . Since 1995 the newspaper Nur has been published in Dagestan in the Tzachurian language.
Modern Tsachurian Alphabet:
А а | АI аI | Б б | В в | Г г | ГI гI | Гъ гъ | Гь гь | Д д | Дж дж |
Е е | Ё ё | Ж ж | З з | И и | Й й | К к | КI кI | Къ къ | Кь кь |
Л л | М м | Н н | О о | ОI оI | П п | ПI пI | Р р | С с | Т т |
ТI тI | У у | УI уI | Ф ф | Х х | Хъ хъ | Хь хь | Ц ц | ЦI цI | Ч ч |
ЧI чI | Ш ш | Щ щ | Ъ ъ | Ы ы | ЫI ыI | Э э | Ь ь | Ю ю | Я я |
Linguistic situation
In Azerbaijan Tsachuren use in place of their actual mother tongue and the Azerbaijani . The Tsachurs in Dagestan are mostly multilingual and mostly use Russian as their written language , and more rarely Avar or Azerbaijani.
The Tsachurian language is threatened with extinction as it is under strong assimilation pressure from Azerbaijani and Russian .
Linguistic characteristics
The tsachurian sound system is rich in vowels and consonants . Tsachurian is an ergative language and has 4 nominal classes and 18 cases . The language shows the phenomenon of suffix inclusion . On the verb be Number , Tense and mode selected.
Text sample
Эфирылхъа цIаIхна миз хъигъивчIу
ЦIаIхни миллетни (йихъбишди) тарихей лайикьукана иш вухьа: апрельни санчил 2002 ъэсди сен Республика Дагъыстанни Радиое цIаIхни мизел радиостудие ачмишхьа. Мана миллет гьивааджсди мей, ед'на миз гьивааджесди мей, меденийят инкишаф гьаъасди мейхай, хасди мей. [...]
literature
- G. Ch. Ibragimov: Cachurskij jazyk . Nauka, Moscow 1990. (in Russian)
- Aleksandr E. Kibrik (Ed.): Ėlementy cachurskogo jazyka v tipologičeskom osveščenii . Nasledie, Moscow 1999, ISBN 5-201-13328-2 .
- Wolfgang Schulze: Tsakhur . LINCOM Europe, Munich a. Newcastle 1997. (in English)
See also:
- George Hewitt: Introduction to the Study of the Languages of the Caucasus . LINCOM Europe, Munich 2004, p. 28.
Individual evidence
- ↑ According to the Dagestan Constitution, "Russian and the Languages of the Peoples of Dagestan" are official languages. In fact , this applies at least to written languages, but also to languages such as Tsachurian, which have only recently been written. See also Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use : Respublika Dagestan. Land of Mountains: Mountain of Languages , 2004 (PDF; 307 kB), p. 5
- ↑ Published in: Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages. Edited by Christopher Moseley. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. 211-280.
- ^ UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
- ↑ from the newspaper only on www.dagpravda.ru (August 2, 2002)
Web links
- Ethnologue, Languages of the World: Tsakhur
- John M. Clifton et al .: The Sociolinguistic Situation of the Tsakhur in Azerbaijan . SIL International, 2005. (PDF file; 233 kB)
- Project Etheo: Tsachurian language, in Russian ( Memento from February 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- Audio sample for Zurich literature