Uhtred

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Uhtred (also Uchtred, Utred ; † 1016 ) was under King Æthelred II from 1006 to 1016 Earl of Northumbria .

family

Uhtred was the son of Ealdorman Waltheof von Bamburgh . Eadwulf Cudel (Ealdorman of Bamburgh 1016- † 1019) was Uhtred's brother.

From his first marriage (∞ around 995) with Ecgfrida, the daughter of Bishop Aldhun of Durham , his son Ealdred (Ealdorman of Bamburgh 1019-1038) emerged.

With his second wife (∞ around 1007) Sige, the daughter of the Dane Styr Ulfsson, he had the two sons Eadulf (Ealdorman of Bamburgh 1038-1041) and Gospatric.

His third wife (∞ around 1014) Ælfgifu, a daughter of King Æthelred II , gave birth to his daughter Ealdgyth, who married Maldred, the brother of King Duncan I of Scotland, with whom she married his grandson Gospatric (Earl of Northumbria 1068– 1072) had.

Life

When the relic of Saint Cuthbert of Lindisfarne was transferred from Chester-le-Street to Durham in 995 , Uhtred helped the monks clear the area for the new cathedral planned by Bishop Aldhun of Durham . It was probably at this time that Uhtred married Aldhun's daughter Ecgfrida, who brought some land from church property with her as a dowry.

In 1006 the Scots invaded Northumbria under King Malcolm II and besieged Durham. Since his father, Earl Walthef, was too old, Uhtred raised an army in Bernicia and Yorkshire and won a decisive victory against the Scots. King Æthelred, who at the same time had fought the Danes in the south of England, appointed him Ealdorman of Bamburgh while his father was still alive. After the assassination of Ealdorman Ælfhelm of York, Uhtred was also used as Earl of York and so united Northumbria in one hand after a long time.

Soon afterwards he left Ecgfrida and married Sige, the daughter of the wealthy Dane Styr Ulfsson from York. From this connection the two sons Eadulf and Gospatric emerged.

Sven Gabelbart landed in England in 1013 with his son Canute the Great and a huge force and sailed up the Humber and Trent to Gainsborough . Earl Uhtred of Northumbria, had to submit to the Danes. Æthelred fled to Normandy . In the same year Sven was recognized as ruler of England. After the death of Sven Gabelbart on February 3, 1014, the English did not recognize his son Knut as king, but called Æthelred back from exile. Uhtred rejoined Æthelred, whose daughter Ælfgifu he married.

1016 While King Æthelred II was ill, Edmund II Iron Side raised an army and united with Uhtred of Northumbria to fight against Eadric of Mercia and Canute II the Great. The English ravaged Staffordshire , Shrewsbury , Leicestershire and Chester , while Canute ravaged the Danelag and both armies avoided battle. When Canute turned north and threatened York , Edmund II Iron Side withdrew to London. Uhtred surrendered to Knut's Viking army, but was murdered on the advice of Ealdorman Eadric Streone von Thurbrand .

Uhtreds Earldom was divided: Knut gave the south with York to his ally Erik Håkonsson , the Ealdormanry of Bamburgh was given to Uhtred's brother Eadwulf Cudel.

Uhtred's murder resulted in a decades-long blood revenge: Uhtred's son Ealdred killed Thurbrand, but was then murdered by Thurbrand's son Carl in 1038. Waltheof, Ealdred's great-nephew, murdered most of Carl's sons and grandsons in 1070. Uhtred's son Gospatric became the progenitor of the Swinton clan through his son (or grandson) Eadulf Rus.

swell

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e William E. Kapelle: The Norman Conquest of the North , 1979, University of North Carolina Press, ISBN 0709900406 , pp. 15-19.
  2. ↑ Historia ecclesiae Dunelmensis
  3. ↑ a b c Historia regum Anglorum et Dacorum
  4. ↑ a b Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
  5. ↑ see: Clan Swinton (in English)
predecessor Office successor
Waltheof I. Earl of Northumbria
1006-1016 		Erik Håkonsson
personal data
SURNAME Uhtred
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Uchtred; Utred; Uhtred from Northumbria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Earl of Northumbria (1006-1016)
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century
DATE OF DEATH 1016