1016
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Map with all linked sites: | 1016 | |
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 , Canute becomes the Great King of England . |
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| 1016 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 464/465 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1008/09 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1559/60 (southern Buddhism); 1558/59 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 61st (62nd) cycle
Year of the fire dragon丙辰 ( at the beginning of the year wood bunny 乙卯) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 378/379 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 394/395 |
| Islamic calendar | 406/407 (New Year 9/10 June) |
| Jewish calendar | 4776/77 (September 5-6) |
| Coptic calendar | 732/733 |
| Malayalam calendar | 191/192 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1326/27 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1327/28 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1054 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1072/73 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
The English King Æthelred of the House of Wessex dies on April 23rd during the siege of London by Canute the Great . His eldest son from his first marriage, Edmund II. Ironside, assumes his claim to the throne . Æthelred's second wife Emma von der Normandie then goes with her two teenage sons Edward and Alfred to her brother Richard II in Normandy . Several skirmishes ensued between the two kings Edmund and Knut, with both sides avoiding an open field battle for a long time. Edmund's ally Uhtred , Earl of Northumbria , submits to Canute during this time. On the way to the homage, however, he is murdered by Knut's follower Thurbrand and 40 of his followers. Erik Håkonsson becomes Jarl from Northumbria.
In the decisive field battle at Ashingdon , in the course of which some English princes fell away from Edmund, Edmund's army was finally defeated on October 18th . Nevertheless, Knut is looking for a balance with his opponent, so that England is split up. Edmund becomes King of Wessex , Canute rules the rest. The agreement also stipulates that if one of the two dies, the other can take over the rule of the entire kingdom.
On November 30th , just a month later, Edmund dies. Wessex submits to Knut, who becomes king of all England and establishes the North Sea empire. Emma returns to England with her sons.
- 1016/ 1018 : . Malcolm II of Scotland defeated troops of the small English Kingdom of Northumbria in the Battle of Carham . The main cause of the battle was disputes over the Lothian region. After the battle, most of Scotland is under the control of the Scottish kings, although the Vikings can still hold their own in Ross-shire, Caithness, Sutherland, and the Outer Hebrides.
East Franconian-German Empire
- January 10th to 14th : King Henry II holds a synod in Dortmund .
- October 6 : Count Wichmann III. of the Billunger clan, Balderich von Drenthe is killed on the way home from a meeting with his extended relative . Balderich and his wife Adela von Hamaland are probably responsible for the murder . Bishop Adalbald II of Utrecht then moved to Uflach Castle to besiege it and bring Balderich to account. Adela flees to Archbishop Heribert in Cologne.
Italy
- Spring: Another Longobard revolt breaks out in southern Italy under Meles against the governor of the Byzantine- ruled Katepanat Italy , which this time is also supported by a group of Normans .
- An army set up by Pope Benedict VIII beats the Saracens who invaded northern Italy at Luni .
- A fleet from the maritime republics of Genoa and Pisa beats the Arab fleet of the Balearic ruler Mujahid and expels him from Sardinia . Pisa officially receives Sardinia as a papal fiefdom, Genoa dominates the north of the island.
France
- July 6th : Fulko III wins the Battle of Pontlevoy in France . of Anjou and Herbert I of Maine via Odo II of Blois . In French lore, Pontlevoy is considered one of the bloodiest battles of the Middle Ages.
Caliphate of Cordoba
Caliph Sulayman al-Mustain falls into the hands of the Hammudids on July 1 through betrayal by his Berber troops and is executed a little later. The title of caliphate in the Caliphate of Córdoba passes from the Umayyads to the Hammudids under Ali ibn Hammud an-Nasir . Against this, by some Berber leaders in Valencia , Abd ar-Rahman IV, a great-grandson of Abd ar-Rahman III. proclaimed caliph.
North africa
After the death of his father, Bādīs ibn al-Mansūr ibn Buluqqīn ibn Zīrī , al-Muʿizz ibn Bādīs az-Zīrī is elevated to the throne of the Zirids in Ifrīqiya . Because he is still a minor, he is temporarily under the rule of an aunt. After his accession to the throne, a bloody uprising breaks out in Ifriqiya. The Fatimid residence in al-Mansuriya near Kairouan is completely destroyed and 20,000 Shiites are massacred. Due to the unrest, an armistice must be concluded with the Hammudids in Algeria .
Eastern Europe
- Late summer: After the two armies had faced each other for several months, a battle broke out between Yaroslav I Vladimirovich and his half-brother Svyatopolk I , who was allied with the Polish Duke Bolesław Chrobry , for control of the Kievan Rus , which Yaroslav won.
- The Byzantine Empire , together with the Kievan Rus, leads an attack on the Khazarian rule in Kerch .
- Since the last Bulgarian tsar Ivan Wladislaw distrusted his vassal, the Serbian prince Jovan Vladimir , although he was neutral in the conflict with the Byzantine Empire, he had him lured into an ambush and beheaded.
East asia
- January 29th : The sick and blind Sanjō abdicates as Tennō of Japan after almost five years of reign. His cousin Go-Ichijō ascended the throne at the age of eight. The real power rests with the regent , his maternal grandfather Fujiwara no Michinaga .
First documentary mentions
- The alleged deed of donation from June 29th , in which Bammental is mentioned for the first time, probably comes from the 12th century.
- October 17th : Liudesheim , Stadefelt ( Niederstadtfeld and Oberstadtfeld ) and Weidenbach are first mentioned in a document.
- Berka and Gillenfeld are first mentioned in a document.
- The deed of gift with the first mention of Malterdingens is probably a forgery.
Culture and society
- Canute the Great had a first residence built on Thorney Island in the Thames on the site of today's Palace of Westminster .
religion
Buddhism
- The Chongqing Temple in China is built.
Christianity
- Poppo von Babenberg succeeds Megingod Archbishop of Trier, who died at the end of the previous year .
Born
Date of birth saved
- June 9 : Deokjong , 9th King of the Goryeo Empire in Korea († 1034 )
- July 26th : Casimir I Karl , Duke of Poland († 1058 )
- October 28 : Heinrich III. , Roman-German King and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire († 1056 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Eduard Ætheling , son of the English king Edmund Ironside († 1057 )
- Gönpawa Wangchug Gyeltshen , clergyman of the Kadam school of Tibetan Buddhism († 1082 )
- Minamoto no Tsunenobu , Japanese statesman, poet and musician († 1097 )
- Naropa , Indian Buddhist master and one of the 84 Mahasiddhas († 1100 )
- Ra Lotsawa Dorje Drag , translator of Tibetan Buddhism
Born around 1016
- Sven Alfivason , Jarl in Norway († 1036 )
- Kuno I. von Pfullingen , Archbishop of Trier († 1066 )
Died
Date of death secured
- April 23 : Æthelred , King of England from the House of Wessex (* around 968 )
- May 22nd : Jovan Vladimir , Serbian prince of Duklja
- October 5th : Wichmann III. , Saxon count from the Billunger clan
- November 30th : Edmund II. Ironside , King of England (* around 989 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Sulaiman al-Mustain , Caliph of Cordoba
- Bādīs ibn al-Mansūr ibn Buluqqīn ibn Zīrī , ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya
- Sharif Radhi , Shiite theologian and poet in Baghdad (* around 970 )
- Uhtred , Earl of Northumbria
Died around 1016
- 1014 , 1016 or 1025 : Murasaki Shikibu , imperial lady-in-waiting and writer in Japan
