Accident of a C-130 Hercules at Kebnekaise, Sweden
| Accident of a C-130 Hercules at Kebnekaise, Sweden | |
|---|---|
_Lofting-1.jpg) A Lockheed C-130 from RNAF. |
|
| Accident summary | |
| Accident type | CFIT |
| place | West flank of Kebnekaise , Sweden
|
| date | March 15, 2012 |
| Fatalities | 5 |
| Survivors | 0 |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Lockheed C-130 Hercules |
| operator |
 Luftforsvaret
|
| Mark | 5630 |
| Surname | Haze 01 |
| Departure airport |
Harstad / Narvik Airport , Norway
|
| Destination airport |
Kiruna Airport , Sweden
|
| Passengers | 1 |
| crew | 4th |
| Lists of aviation accidents | |
When a C-130 Hercules crashed on Kebnekaise on March 15, 2012, a Lockheed C-130J-30 Hercules military transport aircraft collided with the western flank of Kebnekaise , Sweden's highest mountain at 2104 meters .
Crash location in Norrbotten County as well as the start and destination of the flight |
Course of events
The C-130 Hercules of Luftforsvaret (Norwegian Air Force) was on March 15, 2012 en route from Narvik / Evenes Airport, where it took off at 1:40 p.m., to Kiruna Airport in Sweden. The crew participated in the NATO -exercise Cold Response in part, a multinational exercise, among others, with soldiers from Denmark , Germany , France , Great Britain , Canada , the Netherlands and the United States .
The radar data evaluated after the accident showed that the flight route until shortly before the crash matched the planned flight route according to instrument flight rules; However, the crew had kept the option open to cover the route in tactical low-altitude flight, should the weather permit. Shortly before reaching the area around the Kebnekaise, the Hercules was cleared to sink to 7,000 feet (2,134 meters), an altitude that is only 20 meters above the summit of the Kebnekaise. Shortly afterwards, the machine disappeared from the radar.
Investigations in the following days showed that the machine had flown from the west into the ridge between the north and south peaks of the Kebnekaise, triggering an avalanche that buried the crew and the aircraft, which made finding and recovery much more difficult. None of the people on board survived the accident.
Crew and aircraft
crew
The crew consisted of four officers of the 335th Squadron (Skvadron), stationed at Oslo-Gardermoen Airport : two pilots, Lieutenant Colonel Truls Audun Ørpen and Captain Ståle Garberg and two cargo masters, Captain Siw Robertsen and Captain Bjørn Yngvar Haug. Also on board was the flight safety officer, Captain Steinar Utne, a helicopter pilot of the 137th Squadron from Rygge .
The crew was considered very experienced, Garberg, who was the pilot in charge on the flight to Kiruna, had a total of 6,229 flight hours, of which 758 on the C-130J, Ørpen 3,285 hours, 243 on the J model. The aircraft was flown by Lieutenant Colonel Ørpen, who was Pilot Flying .
Aircraft
The aircraft involved in the accident was a Lockheed C-130J-30 Hercules with the registration number 5630 , also the serial number , baptized with the name Siv . It was one of four machines of this version in the inventory of the Norwegian Armed Forces, which had been delivered by Lockheed since 2008 and had replaced six older Hercules of the C-130E and H versions. The crashed machine was handed over to the Norwegian Air Force in June 2010 and was part of the 335th Squadron. The aircraft had completed 856 flight hours before the crash , the last periodic repair, an A-check , was carried out 71 flight hours before the crash in January 2012, and the next check (a so-called C-check ) was scheduled for July of the same year.
causes
The final report by the Swedish authorities states that the cause of the crash was that the crew followed an instruction from the air traffic controller in Kiruna without being aware that with this clearance they were leaving controlled airspace and were thus below the minimum safety altitude.
“The accident was caused by the crew on HAZE 01 not noticing to the shortcomings in the clearances issued by the air traffic controllers and to the risks of following these clearances, which resulted in the aircraft coming to leave controlled airspace and be flown at an altitude that was lower than the surrounding terrain. "
Although the Hercules was equipped with a system that is supposed to generate a warning when it approaches the ground ( Ground Proximity Warning System , GPWS), it was unable to warn the crew of the collision for two reasons: On the one hand, the "reference altitude" was below which the alarm is sent out is set to only 200 feet; on the other hand, the crew was on a tactical flight and had switched the GPWS to "tactical" mode. Although a higher resolution of the map material is used in this mode, it was already known before the accident that the map data would be very imprecise north of the 60th parallel and the system could no longer be used properly in tactical mode. For these reasons, the GPWS did not issue a warning, which could also be understood when flying the route.
Trivia
The rudder of the machine was set up in memory of the crew in March 2013 on the military part of Oslo Airport.
Web links
- Air crash 15 MAR 2012 of a Lockheed C-130J-30 Hercules 5630 - Mount Kebnekaise. In: Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Preliminarily faktasammanställning. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Statens haverikommission, May 11, 2012, archived from the original on November 1, 2013 ; Retrieved June 28, 2013 (Swedish, Preliminary Investigation Report of the Swedish Average Commission).
- ↑ Craig Hoyle: Norway, Sweden investigate 'mystery' C-130J crash. In: Flightglobal.com. March 19, 2012, accessed on June 28, 2013 (English): “Assigned to the service's 335 Sqn at Gardermoen, the aircraft's crew has been named as pilots Lt Col Truls Audun Ørpen and Capt Ståle Garberg, plus loadmasters Capt Siw Robertsen and Capt Bjørn Yngvar Haug. Also onboard was Capt Steinar Utne, a pilot / safety officer drawn from the air force's 137 Wing at Rygge air base. "
- ↑ a b c Statens haverikommission: Final report RM 2013: 02e - Accident involving a Royal Norwegian Air Force aircraft of type C-130 with call sign HAZE 01, on 15 March 2012 at Kebnekaise, Norrbotten County, Sweden . ( Memento of December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ; PDF) October 22, 2013 (English) accessed on December 3, 2013.
- ↑ Note: A distinction is made between pilot flying and pilot monitoring , the pilot flying controls the aircraft, the pilot monitoring supports him and carries out the radio communication. This classification is independent of who the captain or the pilot in command is and can vary from flight segment to flight segment.
- ↑ Paal Wergeland, Heidi Magnussen: Tredje ulykken med det nye Hercules-flyet. In: NRK . March 16, 2012, Retrieved June 28, 2013 (Norwegian).
- ↑ Torbjørn Kjosvold: Forsvaret Mediearkiv. Mil.no, March 15, 2013, accessed December 29, 2018 (Norwegian).
Coordinates: 67 ° 54 ′ 9 ″ N , 18 ° 31 ′ 9 ″ E