Urals oil
Urals oil ( Urals for short ) is the most important type of crude oil for Russia and serves as a reference (“benchmark”) for oil trade and export. Urals oil is a mixture ("blend") of the eponymous oil from the Urals and the Volga region , which is heavy, high-boiling and very sulfuric, with light, low-sulfur oil from Western Siberia (Siberian Light). The lighter, West Siberian oil is extracted in the Autonomous Okrug of the Khanty and Mansi , the heavier, sulfur-rich oil today mainly in Tatarstan . Urals oil is brought to the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk via pipelines , from where it is exported by tanker . The other export route is the Druzhba pipeline to Western Europe. Urals is a medium-weight crude oil with a high sulfur content .
The main producers of Urals are Rosneft , Surgutneftegas and Gazprom Neft . Lukoil , TNK-BP and Tatneft are less important . In 2012, Russia exported around five million barrels a day , the majority of which were from the Urals. The main customers are European refineries such as Hellenic and INA as well as the refineries belonging to Shell and Total .
The main dealers from Urals in 2012 were Glencore , Vitol and Gunvor . On the Moscow stock exchange RTS will Urals Oil Futures Contract traded. The futures contract on the Urals price is traded in USD via BBL , settlement takes place in cash. The calculation is based on the spread between the Urals spot price determined by Platts and the ICE -Brent index. Platts determines a number of Urals price indices for delivery in the Mediterranean and Northwestern Europe. The most important indices are Urals Med ( CIF Augusta ), Urals ex-Novorossiisk ( FOB ), Urals Rotterdam (CIF Rotterdam ) and Urals ex-Baltic Sea (FOB Būtingė , Primorsk or Danzig ). Urals is traded on NYMEX under the name REBCO ("Russian Export Blend Crude Oil"), delivery location is Primorsk.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urals oil prices ( Memento of the original dated February 21, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on Top Oil News of 2009.
- ↑ a b Riddles, mysteries and enigmas . In: The Economist, May 5, 2012.
- ↑ RTS UR-7.12
- ↑ METHODOLOGY AND SPECIFICATIONS GUIDE: Crude Oil ( Memento of the original from February 5, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 325 kB) Platts, July 2012
- ↑ NYMEX REBCO
