Utzenberg

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Utzenberg in Golßen

The Utzenberg is a former Slavic castle wall on which a medieval, early German tower hill castle was built. It is located in Golßen , a town in the Dahme-Spreewald district in the state of Brandenburg . As a ground monument , the Utzenberg is in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg as a registered cultural monument.

Position and extent

The Utzenberg is located around 300 meters northwest of the city center and there north of the federal highway 96 . The rectangular tower hill originally covered an area of ​​120 m × 160 m with a three to five meter high tower that was around 42 meters long and 33 meters wide. The hill was originally surrounded by a 15 meter wide moat. With the construction of the B 96 in 1935, the hill was shortened by 30 meters to 90 meters.

history

Golßen was first mentioned in a document on October 21, 1276 as the property of Otto Burggraf von Wettin . He had a castle built on the Slavic ramparts, on which there is evidence that he established his residence on January 31, 1285. Around 1300 the burgrave took the name of Golßen . In 1301 a complex called castrum Golßen was mentioned. It was owned by the Golßen rulership until 1344/1345 , before the burgraves moved on to Pulsnitz . Heinrich von Dahme appeared as the new owner. He was to rule there until September 28, 1353. In that year the castle became the property of the Margraves of Meißen , who held it until 1359. Here, had Frederick II. Of Meissen to 1354 deal with robber barons who occupied the castle, but were driven out again. With effect from August 30, 1359, the Margrave of Meißen exchanged rulership with Vogt Heinrich IV. Von Plauen , to return it to the jointly ruling Margrave of Meißen Friedrich III on September 6, 1363 . , Balthasar and I. Wilhelm to sell. On April 14, 1364 sparked Emperor Charles IV. The Lausitz from the deposit rule of Meissen out to the Lausitz in 1367 to Bohemia to join. In 1401 it was given to Margrave Wilhelm von Meißen as pledge by the sovereign of Niederlausitz, Jobst von Moravia . In the following decades the castle passed into private ownership. On August 14, 1439, the von Stutterheims acquired control of the city and 21 villages from the Bohemian king. Over the next few years, the castle fell into disrepair and was until the Reformation presumably as Terminei the Dominican monastery Luckau used. In 1669 the Golßen rule came to an end.

During a test excavation in 1899, experts documented parts of a medieval settlement. In 1935, during the construction of the federal highway, remnants of masonry and wooden piles were secured, which could have belonged to a bridge access to a farm yard. Furthermore, Middle and Late Slavic as well as early German ceramic shards from the 10th to 13th centuries were recovered.

In 2010 the fortification was placed under monument protection. It extends to the parts of the Slavic castle ramparts that are visible above ground and the German tower hill complex and its surroundings.

literature

Web links

Coordinates: 51 ° 58 ′ 22.5 "  N , 13 ° 36 ′ 28.7"  E