Vítězslava Kaprálová

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Vítězslava Kaprálová

Vítězslava Kaprálová (born January 24, 1915 in Brno , † June 16, 1940 in Montpellier ) was a Czech composer and conductor.

Life

Václav Kaprál's daughter studied composition with Vilém Petrželka and conducting with Zdeněk Chalabala in Brno from 1930 to 1935 . She continued her studies at the Prague Conservatory with Vítězslav Novák (composition) and Václav Talich (conducting) and went to Paris in 1937, where she continued the École Normale de Musique and was a student of Bohuslav Martinů and Charles Munch .

Her military symphony was written in 1937 , the premiere of which she conducted and for which she was awarded the Smetana Prize. With the BBC Symphony Orchestra she opened the International Society for Contemporary Music Festival in 1938 with this work.

Vítězslav Kaprál, Vítězslava Kaprálová and Bohuslav Martinů

After the occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939, Kaprálová decided to remain in exile in Paris. In 1940 she married the writer Jiří Mucha . Before the threatened occupation of Paris, she was already ill and evacuated to Montpellier, where she died. The cause of death is controversial. She is buried in the Brno Central Cemetery.

Despite her short life, Kaprálová left about fifty works. During her lifetime her work was supported by the composer Bohuslav Martinů , the conductor Rafael Kubelík and the pianist Rudolf Firkušný . After the Second World War it was largely forgotten. Her compositions have only been performed again since the 1990s.

Vítězslava Kaprálová and Jiří Mucha

In addition to her work as a composer, she also worked as a conductor: She was the first female conductor of the "Czech Philharmonic" and also conducted the "BBC Orchestra", among others.

Works

  • Z mojich nejranějších skladeb (Some of my very first compositions) for piano, (1924-28)
  • Matičce (To the Mother) for children's choir (text by Jan Neruda ), (1928)
  • Skicář (A Sketchbook) for piano (1929–33)
  • První práce ze školy (First Year Compositions) for piano (1930–32)
  • Pět klavírních skladeb (Five compositions for piano), (1931–32)
  • Smuteční pochod (Funeral March) for piano, (1932)
  • Legenda (Legende) for violin and piano, (1932)
  • Burleska (Burlesque) for violin and piano, (1932)
  • Dvě písně (Two songs) for voice and piano, (1932)
  • Jiskry z popele (Glowing Ashes) for voice and piano, (1932–33)
  • Leden (January) for a voice and quintet, (1933)
  • Sonata appassionata for piano, (1933)
  • Concert per klavír a orchestr in D minor , (1934–35)
  • Dvě kytičky (Two Bouquets of Flowers ), piano miniatures, (1935) (Certosa Verlag)
  • Suite en miniature for chamber orchestra, (1935)
  • Smyčcový kvartet (string quartet), (1935–36)
  • Groteskní passacaglia for piano, (1935)
  • Tři klavírní kusy (Three pieces for piano), (1935)
  • Jablko s klína (An apple falling out of an apron) for a voice and piano, (1934–36)
  • Jaro na polonině (Spring in the Meadows), miniature for piano, (1936)
  • Písnička (A Little Song) for piano, (1936)
  • Vojenská symfonieta (Military Symphony) for symphony orchestra, (1936–37)
  • Navždy ( Forever ) for voice and piano, (1936–37)
  • Ostinato fox for piano, (1937)
  • Tři klavírní skladbičky pro děti (Three Piano Pieces for Children), (1937)
  • Dubnová preludia (April Preludes) for piano, (1937)
  • Sbohem a šáteček (Waving Goodbye) for voice and piano, (1937) (1938 orchestral version)
  • Koleda (Christmas carol) for voice and piano, (1937)
  • Vánoční přání (Christmas wish ), piano miniatures, (1937)
  • Ilena , ballad for solos, mixed choir, orchestra and reciter, (1937–38)
  • Trio for oboe, clarinet and bassoon, (1937–38)
  • Variace na zvony kostela St-Etienne du Mont (Variations sur le Carillon de l'Eglise St-Etienne du Mont) for piano, (1938)
  • Vezdicka , Potpolis , two women's choirs, (1937)
  • Hymna dobrovolných sester Čs. červeného kříže (Hymn of the Voluntary Nurses of the Czechoslovak Red Cross) for two voices and piano, (1938)
  • Vteřiny (seconds) for voice and piano, (1936–39)
  • Suita rustica for symphony orchestra, (1938)
  • Elegy for violin and piano. (1939)
  • Karlu Čapkovi (For Karel Čapek ). Melodrama for violin and piano. Recitation, violin and piano, text by Vítězslav Nezval , (1939)
  • Sonatina for violin and piano, 1939
  • V zemi české (In Bohemian Lands) for voice and piano, (1939)
  • Píseň dělníků páně (Song of the Workers of God) for voice and piano, (1939)
  • Partita for piano and string orchestra, (1938–39)
  • Concertino for violin, clarinet and orchestra, (1939)
  • Zpíváno do dálky ( Sung Into the Distance) for voice and piano, (1939)
  • Vánoční preludium (Prélude de Noël) for chamber orchestra, (1939)
  • Vánoční koleda (Christmas carol) for voice and piano, (1939)
  • Dva tance (two dances) for piano, (1940)
  • Slavnostní fanfára (Festive Fanfare. A Miniature for Piano), (1940)
  • Povídky malé flétny (short story) for little flute. Flute and piano, (1940)
  • Vojenský pochod (Military March ) for chamber orchestra, (1940)
  • Scénická hudba ( incidental music), film, radio and theater music, (1939–1940)
  • Dopis (letter) for voice and piano, (1940)
  • Dva ritornely pro violoncello a klavír (Deux ritournelles pour violoncelle et piano), (1940)

literature

  • Christine Fischer (Ed.): Vítézslava Kaprálová (1915-1940): Time Pictures, Life Pictures, Sound Pictures , Zurich: Chronos, 2017, ISBN 978-3-0340-1383-3
  • Nicolas Derny: Vítězslava Kaprálová: Portrait musical et amoureux. Editions Le Jardin d'Essai, 2015
  • Karla Hartl, Erik Entwistle: The Kaprálová Companion . Lexington Books, Lanham, MD 2011.
  • Jiří Mucha: Au seuil de la nuit , translated by Françoise and Karel Tabery. Editions de L'Aube, 1991.
  • Jiří Macek: Vítězslava Kaprálová . Svaz československých skladatelů, Praha 1958 (= Knižnice hudebnich rozhledů , ročník. IV, svazek 10-11).
  • Přemysl Pražák: Vítězslava Kaprálová, studie a vzpomínky . Hudební Matice umělecké besedy, Praha 1949.

Web links

Commons : Vítězslava Kaprálová  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ↑ https://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/vitezslava-kapralova-eine-hochbegabte-kompistin.2177.de.html?dram:article_id=478720
  2. ↑ 100 years of avant-garde pioneer Vítĕzslava Kapralová: Unpredictable and irresistible , Deutschlandfunk from January 31, 2015, accessed February 7, 2015
  3. ↑ https://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/vitezslava-kapralova-eine-hochbegabte-kompistin.2177.de.html?dram:article_id=478720
personal data
SURNAME Kaprálová, Vítězslava
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech composer
DATE OF BIRTH January 24, 1915
PLACE OF BIRTH Brno
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1940
Place of death Montpellier