Völkersleier
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Völkersleier
Community Wartmannsroth
Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 54 ″ N , 9 ° 46 ′ 31 ″ E
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| Height : | 351 m | |
| Residents : | 427 | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1972 | |
| Postal code : | 97797 | |
| Area code : | 09737 | |
Location of Völkersleier in Bavaria |
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Völkersleier is a place in the municipality of Wartmannsroth in the Bad Kissingen district (Lower Franconia administrative region) in Bavaria.
Geographical location
Schwärzelbach is north of Wartmannsroth.
The KG 27 running through Völkersleier leads in a north-westerly direction to Heiligkreuz and in a south direction to Wartmannsroth.
history
The place originated in the Carolingian era; It was first mentioned in a document in 1141.
In Völkersleier there was since the 17th / 18th. Century a Jewish community. In 1699 Völkersleier had 59 Jewish residents. A synagogue was built in 1762. In 1817 there were 23 registration offices that allowed Jewish men to live with their families locally and to do business. In 1847 the local community had 105 Jewish residents. In the 19th century, many Jews from Völkersleier emigrated to the United States. The Jewish community owned a synagogue (Frohnstrasse 4), a school with a teacher's apartment and a ritual bath ( mikveh ). In 1933 there were still 33 Jewish citizens living in Völkersleier. Due to the increasing reprisals by National Socialism, 11 left the place, so that in 1937 there were only 24 Jewish residents.
In the course of the November pogroms , on the evening of November 10, 1938 at around 7 p.m. in Völkersleier, there was a barbaric violence. Men of the SA Storm Hammelburg carried out Goebbels' pogrom order in Völkersleier . The thugs forced their way into the houses and apartments of the Jewish families and smashed windows, doors and furniture in seconds with axes and hatchets. Beds were slashed with SA daggers and thrown out the window. Clothes, dishes and other items ended up on the street.
The perpetrators of the pogroms also entered the synagogue. They started a fire in the interior, which was extinguished after a while, destroyed the cult objects and the synagogue's furniture and then drove the local Jewish families, including women and children, onto a truck on which Jews from Dittlofsroda were already loaded. In Dittlofsroda the SA storm had carried out the pogrom a short time before. The SA men then drove with the arrested Jews to the Hammelburg District Court prison at night, which at that time was overcrowded with Jewish inmates from the entire Hammelburg district.
On November 10, 1938, the 26-year-old Hammelburg SA Storm Leader Karl Hartmann carried out the pogrom order in all Jewish communities in the Hammelburg district. The pogroms lasted all day long, and no Jewish community in the district was spared. Karl Hartmann, who was born in 1911 in the Hammelburg camp, died in the Russian War in 1941 and could not be held responsible for his serious crimes after 1945. According to eye and contemporary witness reports, men of the SA and NSDAP from Neuwirtshaus, Schwärzelbach and Waizenbach were also involved in the pogrom in Dittlofsroda and Völkersleier, including men from their own locality.
After the November pogrom of 1938, 17 Jewish residents left Völkersleier and emigrated to the USA, Palestine, Holland or larger German cities. At the beginning of 1940 there were still 12 Jewish residents, six of whom moved to Würzburg. Of the last six Jews there, four were deported to the Izbica Ghetto (Poland) in April 1942 and murdered there; the last two Jewish residents came to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in September 1942 .
A total of 19 Jewish women and men from Völkersleier were victims of the Holocaust : Elsa Adler b. Berliner (* 1903), Else Adler b. Bergmann (* 1894), Herbert Leo Adler (* 1929), Pauline Adler b. Schuster (* 1872), Jettchen Bamberger b. Ring (* 1895), Emanuel Bergmann (* 1880), Frieda Bergmann (* 1922), Fritz Bergmann (* 1888), Pauline Bergmann (* 1887), Regina Bergmann b. Goldschmidt (* 1895), Viktor Bergmann (* 1869), Frieda Berliner b. Hamburger (* 1872), Meier Berliner (* 1873), Settchen Neumann b. Stern (* 1868), Markus Max Ring (* 1868), NN Stern born. Jakobs (born approx. 1895), Hannelore Stern (born?), Marga Stern (* 1923), Max Stern (* 1892).
Today a plaque on the parish hall in Völkersleier (Rhönstraße 18) commemorates the former Jewish community (1699–1942) and synagogue (1762–1938), which was demolished in the 1970s. The inscription on the plaque reads: "In Völkersleier there was a Jewish religious community whose synagogue was located at Fronstrasse 4 and whose interior was destroyed in the pogrom night of 1938. The community commemorates its former Jewish fellow citizens. As a reminder and warning".
The town's Catholic St. Sebastian Church was built in 1906. The construction of today's Protestant church in the town was completed in 1920.
On January 1, 1972, the former municipality of Völkersleier was incorporated into the municipality of Wartmannsroth.
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 478 .
