Varnava Rosic

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Varnava Rosić, 1932

Varnava ( Serbian - Cyrillic Варнава , bourgeois Petar Rosić / Петар Росић; born August 29, 1880 in Pljevlja , Ottoman Empire , † July 23, 1937 in Belgrade ) was patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church from 1930 to 1937 .

Life

Rosić was born as the son of the farm laborer Djordje Rosic. He attended elementary school in his hometown, the teacher and seminary in Prizren in 1898/99 . He then studied at the St. Petersburg Spiritual Academy , an educational institution of the Russian Orthodox Church in St. Petersburg , which u. a. with Metropolitan Damaskin (Grdanicki) of Zagreb, the canonized theologian Justin Popović and Professor Gregorios Papamichael, the rediscoverer of the works of Saint Gregory Palamas, brought forth other well-known hierarchs in other regional churches. After five years of study, he was admitted to the monk's class in 1905 and then worked in Constantinopleas a clergyman, as a teacher at the Serbian school and as an employee of the newspaper Konstantinopler Bote . In 1910 Rosic became Bishop of Veles .

On November 17, 1920 he was elected Metropolitan of Skoplje and went with the bishop of Ohrid-Bitola Nikolaj (Velimirovic) , who was controversial because of his Serbian nationalism and anti-Semitism , to renew church life in Macedonia . He was also one of the participants in 1934 when Bishop Nikolaj of the Third Reich was awarded a medal for the restoration of a German military cemetery in the Macedonian city ​​of Bitola in the German embassy in Belgrade .

On September 15, 1935, he laid the foundation as patriarch in the Belgrade municipality of Vračar nearby Church of Saint Sava . In addition, the foundation of Orthodox communities in Slovenia goes back to his support , whose churches " Ciril i Metod " in Laibach and "Sava" in Cilli were consecrated by him.

At an encounter with German journalists in 1937, he declared his lively interest in National Socialist Germany , praised Adolf Hitler for its struggle “in the service of humanity” and declared his sympathy for its struggle against communism . Nonetheless, Seraphim , an ethnic German and from 1938 Archbishop of Berlin and Germany , was the most strongly pro-Hitler Germany representative of the Serbian clergy.

Varnava was one of the driving forces behind the protest against the Vatican's Concordat with the State of Yugoslavia. For example, at the end of 1936 a declaration was published that the Serbian Church was not only a religious institution, but - due to its contribution to the creation of the state - also a national institution and therefore had the right to defend its centuries-old historical position. Elsewhere, he explicitly mentioned, for example, the approval of the lay movement “Catholic Action”, which was initially envisaged by the Concordat and which he saw as a threat to Orthodox Serbs.

In one of his angry speeches against the Concordat, he complained about the allegations that his side was bringing politics into the churches. Rather, it is so that those who have lost their minds, their patriotism and their respect, bring their poison into the national organism - which is why it is up to the Orthodox Church to tell people the truth. Against this background, the then Prime Minister Milan Stojadinović considered, for example, to end Varnava's resistance with a scandal over his relationships with women. The Catholic Church, however, led by Alojzije Stepinac , let Stojadinović say that it would not be happy with such a conclusion of the Concordat. Even without extortion, a positive vote for the Concordat was finally achieved in the National Assembly - with 166 votes for and 128 against. Citing Westcott 2010, Pank writes that Varnava "mysteriously" died on the night of the vote and that both brothers also perished after visiting the dying Varanava.

family

Rosić was a great-uncle of the performance artist Marina Abramović .

literature

  • Hans-Joachim Härtel: Varnava . In: Mathias Bernath / Karl Nehring (ed.): Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte Südosteuropas , Volume 4. Munich 1981, pp. 386–387 ( biolex.ios-regensburg.de accessed on: November 23, 2017).
  • Сава Вуковић (Sava Vuković): Српски јерарси од деветог до двадесетог века (Serbian hierarchs from the 9th to the 20th centuries) . Евро, 1996, OCLC 36864797 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Härtel, p. 387
  2. ^ Gabriella Schubert: Südosteuropa-Jahrbuch . Sagner, 2008, p. 50 .
  3. ↑ Volodymyr Bureha: Foreign Students in the Spiritual Academies of the Russian Orthodox Church: Past and Present. In: Scientific-Theological Portal Bogo. February 2, 2011, accessed November 23, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Friedrich Heyer: The oriental question in the ecclesiastical sphere: the influence of the . ( Full text / preview in Google Book Search).
  5. ^ Jovan Byford: Denial and Repression of Antisemitism: Post-communist Remembrance of the Serbian Bishop Nikolaj Velimirovic . Central European University Press, 2009, ISBN 963-9776-31-9 , pp. 52–53 ( full text / preview in Google Book Search).
  6. ↑ Birgitta Gabriela Hannover Moser: Belgrade and Novi Sad: sights, culture, scene, surrounding area, travel information . Trescher Verlag ( full text / preview in the Google book search).
  7. ↑ Hajo Funke, Alexander Rothert: Under our eyes: Ethnic purity: The politics of the Milosevic regime and the role of the West (=  series of publications on politics and culture at the Department of Political Science at the Free University of Berlin . Volume 2 ). Verlag Das Arabische Buch, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-86093-219-5 , pp. 48 .
  8. ^ Philip J. Cohen, David Riesman: Serbia's secret war: propaganda and the deceit of history . Texas A&M University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-89096-760-7 , pp. 72 .
  9. ↑ Cyprian Blamires: World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia . tape 1 . ABC-CLIO, 2006, ISBN 1-57607-940-6 , pp. 492 ( full text / preview in Google Book Search).
  10. ^ Jan Bank, Lieve Gevers: Churches and Religion in the Second World War . Schöningh, Paderborn 2017, ISBN 978-1-84520-822-6 , pp. 121 ( full text / preview in Google Book search).
  11. ↑ Christian Kind: War in the Balkans: The Yugoslav Brotherly Dispute: History, Backgrounds, Motifs . F. Schöningh, Paderborn 1994, ISBN 3-506-74449-6 , p. 73 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  12. ^ Matthew Feldman, Marius Turda, Tudor Georgescu (eds.): Clerical Fascism in Interwar Europe . Routledge, Milton Park 2008, ISBN 978-1-138-01138-0 , pp. 85 ( full text / preview in Google Book Search).
  13. ^ Claudia Stahl: Churches and Religion in the Second World War (Occupation in Europe) . Bloomsbury, London 2016, ISBN 978-3-506-78773-6 , pp. 121 ( full text / preview in Google Book search).
  14. ↑ Hildegard Pank: Borderline experiences. An approach to the Serbian performer Marina Abramović . GRIN Verlag , Halle (Saale) 2013, p. 6 .
  15. ^ Marina Abramović: The Biography of Biographies . Edizioni Charter, 2004, ISBN 978-88-8158-495-6 .
  16. ^ Judith Thurman: Walking Through Walls. In: newyorker.com. March 1, 2010, accessed November 24, 2017 .
predecessor Office successor
Dimitrije Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church
1930–1937 		Gavrilo V.
personal data
SURNAME Rosić, Varnava
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rosić, Petar (maiden name); Росић, Варнава
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church (1930–1937)
DATE OF BIRTH August 29, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Pljevlja
DATE OF DEATH July 23, 1937
Place of death Belgrade