Vendémiaire
The Vendémiaire (German also wine month or vintage month) is the first month of the republican calendar of the French Revolution . It follows the sansculottides of the previous year, it is followed by the Brumaire .
The name is derived from the Latin vindemia (from the French vendange ) " grape harvest ". The Vendémiaire is the first month of the autumn quarter ( mois d'automne ) and thus also the first month of the French revolutionary year. It starts around September 23 and ends around October 22.
The Vendémiaire of 1795 went down in history when a royalist uprising against the republic broke out in Paris and was shot down with artillery by Napoléon Bonaparte .
Day names
Like all months of the French Revolutionary Calendar, the Vendémiaire had 30 days, which were divided into 3 decades. The days were named after agricultural crops, with the exception of the 5th and 10th day of each decade. The 5th day (Quintidi) was named after a pet, the 10th day (Decadi) after an agricultural implement.
Contrary to the original proposal by Fabre d'Églantine, the 24th Vendémiaire was not named Grenésienne , but Amarillis . The two names are synonyms for the same plant.
| Day names for the Vendémiaire | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 re Decade | 2 e decade | 3 e decade | ||||
| Primidi | 1. | Raisin (grape) | 11. | Pommes de terre (potatoes) | 21st | Chanvre (hemp) |
| Duodi | 2. | Saffron (saffron) | 12. | Immortelle (straw flower) | 22nd | Pêches (peaches) |
| Tridi | 3. | Châtaignes (chestnuts) | 13. | Potiron (melon squash) | 23. | Navets (water beet) |
| Quartidi | 4th | Colchique (autumn crocus) | 14th | Réséda (Reseda) | 24. | Amarillis Amaryllis (Amaryllis) Grenésienne |
| Quintidi | 5. | Cheval (horse) | 15th | Âne (donkey) | 25th | Bœuf (beef) |
| Sextidi | 6th | Balsam (balsam) | 16. | Belle de nuit (miracle flower) | 26th | Eggplant (aubergine) |
| Septidi | 7th | Carrotes (carrots) | 17th | Citrouille (pumpkin) | 27. | Allspice (clove pepper) |
| Octidi | 8th. | Amaranthe Amarante ( Amaranth ) | 18th | Sarrazin Sarrasin (buckwheat) | 28. | Tomato (tomato) |
| Nonidi | 9. | Panais (parsnip) | 19th | Tournesol (sunflower) | 29 | Orge (barley) |
| Décadi | 10. | Cuve (vat) | 20th | Pressoir (wine press) | 30th | Tonneau (barrel) |
| Modern French names appear in italics . Fabre d'Églantine proposals that were not accepted appear in lower case . | ||||||
Conversion table
| Conversion table between the Republican and Gregorian calendar for the month "Vendémiaire" |
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Conversion example
The 14th Vendémiaire II is to be determined .
The year II is in the top table, below the Gregorian year 1793 . Under the 14th (top line of the day) is the 5th. Since this is after the transition between the months (30th → 1st), October is meant.
So the Gregorian date is October 5, 1793.
See also: Conversion table between Gregorian and Republican calendars
See also
Web links
- Facsimile autumn months of the year II
- Facsimile military calendar of the year VIII
- Plant names internationally
- Plant names German / French
Individual evidence
- ^ Entry "Vendémiaire" , in Trésor de la langue française informatisé .