Changeable Spaltporling
| Changeable Spaltporling | ||||||||||||
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Variable split porling ( Schizopora paradoxa ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Schizopora paradoxa | ||||||||||||
| ( Schrad. ) Donk |
The inedible and saprophytic living changeable split pore ( Schizopora paradoxa , syn .: Poria versipora ) is a species of fungus from the family of split pore relatives (Schizoporaceae). The pore fungus forms crust-like fruiting bodies of different shapes on lying or standing wood, which appear all year round on hardwood and softwood.
features
Macroscopic features
The hatless, crust-like (resupinate) fruiting bodies initially form small, blotchy crusts, which soon flow together and later often form palm-sized to several decimeter wide coatings. The fungus forms knotty protrusions or swellings on vertical trunks or branches, but never real hat edges.
The pores can be designed very differently. They can be rounded, angular or elongated-labyrinthine. Often they are also severely slashed and therefore appear tooth-like like a resupinate spiny mushroom . On vertical surfaces, obliquely arranged, plate-like teeth are usually formed, while on lying wood one often finds angular or labyrinthine or even slit pores or teeth. 1–3 pores are formed per millimeter, the tubes are up to 4 mm long and usually shorter at the edge. Fresh pores are whitish to creamy yellow or creamy gray, old ones are ocher yellow or colored green by algae. The edge is finely fibrous and the spore powder is white.
The meat is pale wood-colored to whitish and elastic to tough. The smell and taste are inconspicuous.
Microscopic features
The smooth, hyaline and inamyloid spores are broadly elliptical and measure 4.5–6 × 2.5–4 µm. The hyphae system is dimitic and the hyphae have buckles .
Species delimitation
The changeable split porling is one of our most common resupinate porlings. Due to its extraordinary variability, it can easily be mistaken for a whole range of crusty pore fungi. Therefore, the determination should be secured with the microscope as far as possible. Typical of it are the thin-walled cystidioles and the free ends of the skeletal hyphae, which are covered with crystals or thickened in the shape of a button, and which some authors also refer to as cystidia . The yellow- pored Spaltporling ( Schizopora flavipora ) is very similar . It differs through its finer tube mouths (3–5 per mm) and the pale salmon pink colored pore layer. The milk-white harrow fungus ( Irpex lacteus ) can also look very similar macroscopically.
ecology
The changeable Spaltporling occurs in almost all forms of the native deciduous and mixed forest communities. However, it is found mainly in red beech and mixed oak forests, but also in various swamp, floodplain and deciduous forests. In addition, it occurs in fir and spruce forests and in bushes, spruce and pine forests, and in red oak, aspen, poplar and fruit tree plantations. It can also be found in groves, gardens and parks. A bond to certain soils is not recognizable. The fruiting bodies are often found on dying and dead trunks, as well as on dead, still hanging or already fallen branches and twigs. These can still be barked or already debarked. The saprobiont grows mainly on red beech, followed by hornbeam, oak and hazel, it is relatively rarely found on spruce and even more rarely on fir and pine. The fruiting bodies can be found year-round, but mostly appear in late autumn.
distribution
The fungus is found almost worldwide. Evidence is available from Australia, New Zealand, North America (Canada, Mexico, USA), Central America (Panama), South America (Brazil), Asia (Asia Minor, Caucasus, West and East Siberia, Iran, North India, Japan), North Africa (Morocco), the Canary Islands, the Azores and Europe.
The Spaltporling is said to occur in Europe from West (France, Benelux, Great Britain), through Central (Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Germany, Czech Republic, Poland) to North Fennos Scandinavia. It is found in the south from Portugal and Spain to Greece and Bulgaria in the southeast. The fungus is common across the UK and is also found in the Hebrides and Orkney . In Norway it can be found up to the 70th parallel.
The changeable Spaltporling is also extremely common in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria and throughout Germany.
meaning
The mutable Spaltporling is not an edible mushroom.
swell
- Paul Kirk: Schizopora paradoxa. In: Species Fungorum. Retrieved January 5, 2014 .
- Schizopora paradoxa. In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed January 5, 2014 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Ewald Gerhardt: Röhrlinge, Porlinge, Bauchpilze, hose mushrooms and others . In: mushrooms. Spectrum of nature, BLV intensive guide . tape 2 . BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1985, ISBN 3-405-12965-6 , p. 116 .
- ↑ a b c Hans E. Laux: The new cosmos mushroom atlas . 1st edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-07229-0 , pp. 246 .
- ↑ a b c d e German Josef Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.): Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 , p. 313.
- ↑ Cvetomir M. Denchev & Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online [PDF]).
- ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Schizopora paradoxa. Retrieved January 6, 2014 .
- ↑ a b Worldwide distribution of schizopora paradoxa. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on January 9, 2014 ; accessed on January 6, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ GI Zervakis, E. Polemis, DM Dimou: Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: III . Macrofungi recorded in Quercus forests from southern Peloponnese. In: Mycotaxon . Vol 84, 2002, pp. 141-162 ( cybertruffle.org.uk ). cybertruffle.org.uk ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ DM Dimou, GI Zervakis & E. Polemis: Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: IV. Macrofungi from Abies cephalonica forests and other intermixed tree species (Oxya Mt., central Greece). In: [Mycotaxon] . Vol: 104, 2008, p. 39–42 (English, online [PDF]).
- ↑ a b Jean-Pierre Prongué, Rudolf Wiederin, Brigitte Wolf: The mushrooms of the Principality of Liechtenstein . In: Natural history research in the Principality of Liechtenstein . Vol. 21. Vaduz 2004 ( online [PDF]).
- ^ S. Petkovski: National Catalog (Check List) of Species of the Republic of Macedonia . In: Acta Botanica Croatica . 2009 ( PDF, 1.6MB ( memento of February 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) [accessed on January 6, 2014]). National Catalog (Check List) of Species of the Republic of Macedonia ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Schizopora paradoxa. Pilzoek database, accessed January 6, 2014 .
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; accessed on January 9, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed on January 9, 2014 .
Web links
- Schizopora paradoxa. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved January 5, 2014 (in Italian, photos of the Changeable Spaltporling).
- Wolfgang Bachmeier: Changeable Spaltporling (Schizopora paradoxa). In: www.123pilze.de / pilzseite.de. Retrieved January 5, 2014 .