Association (Liechtenstein)

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Musikverein Konkordia Mauren in Vienna

An association is an association of people with common goals. In Liechtenstein , the associations are of great importance for social, societal and cultural life. Many of the approximately 30,000 inhabitants were active in 530 associations in 1996.

history

Harmoniemusik Vaduz , founded in 1863 as “Vaduzer Blechmusik”

The constitution , enacted in 1862, enabled the residents of the country to set up clubs. In 1862 the first theater association was founded in Triesen . By 1921, ten brass band associations and church choirs or singing associations were established in almost all communities . The fire brigades were organized as voluntary associations from 1867. The first gymnastics club was founded in Vaduz in 1886 . Initiated by the Catholic Church , the Marian Congregations and Young Teams as well as the women's and Catholic mothers' associations came into being in the late 19th and early 20th centuries . From the 1930s onwards, the boy scouts , football and ski clubs came into being . At the state level, the Agricultural Association was founded in 1885, the Historical Association for the Principality of Liechtenstein in 1901 and the Liechtenstein Alpine Association in 1909 .

Until 1914, the clubs were male domains. In addition, most of the mixed church choirs were dissolved after 1900 . It was not until the 1960s that women were accepted into choirs and music associations. In the first half of the 20th century, many clubs were politically penetrated. In 1930 the supporters of the People's Party and the FBP split in the Eschner Musikverein . In 1946 the reunification for "Harmoniemusik" took place.

Association today

Spectators at a soccer game of the USV Eschen-Mauren

Social club life is of great importance to many village associations. Clubs mainly cover sport, culture and social engagement. The brass music associations, the church choirs and the other choral associations, which were established in the middle of the 19th century, still play an important role in the individual communities today. Traditional costume associations , spark guilds , the association of crib friends , Guggenmusiken and fools guilds are dedicated to cultivating customs . Family help and the Samaritan associations provide social services . In the Liechtenstein Unterland in particular , many associations are cross-community.

Organized as clubs are political parties as well as many associations and professional organizations, e.g. B. the Liechtenstein Chamber of Commerce and Industry .

Legal position

The freedom of association is of the constitution ensured and in Art. 246-260 of the personal and corporate law regulated (PGR) 1926. These provisions are very similar to the Swiss Civil Code . In contrast to Switzerland, Liechtenstein law enables associations to also operate a commercial business. For this purpose, approval must be obtained from the government for the establishment of an association and the association must be entered in the commercial register. The clubs can thus be used for practically the same motives as stock corporations or limited liability companies . However, these possible uses of the legal form of the association have so far hardly been exhausted.

The highest body of an association is the general assembly , which elects a board at regular intervals . Instead of a general assembly, a delegate assembly is also possible. The board of directors can consist of one or more members or non-members, which can also be legal persons . In the case of associations that have to be entered in the commercial register, the control body is also a necessary body. The statutes can provide for other organs, e.g. B. an arbitration tribunal .

The association is liable with its association assets. The statutes can, however, provide for limited liability or a limited obligation to make additional contributions for all members or certain groups.

The mutual insurance associations and the auxiliary funds, which are regulated in Art. 496 to 527 PGR, must be legally distinguished from the associations . So-called small insurance associations are dealt with by the PGR in Articles 528 to 533 and, in addition, association law. Small insurance associations can be company pension funds or health insurance companies with a narrowly limited sphere of activity, death or livestock insurance associations.

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