Treaty of Brno

The Treaty of Brno (also known as the “Peace of Brno”) refers to three treaties that the French Empire under Napoléon Bonaparte concluded between December 10 and 12, 1805, with its German allies, the Electorate of Bavaria , the Duchy of Württemberg and the Margraviate of Baden . In it these imperial princes were assured of land gains, especially at the expense of the House of Habsburg , as well as sovereignty (= independence from the supremacy of the Roman-German emperor ). This was preceded by the defeat of Austria in the Battle of the Three Emperors of Austerlitz (near Brno ) on December 2nd, 1805 and the conclusion of the armistice at Austerlitz Castle on December 6th. In the Peace of Pressburg , the Austrian Empire under Francis I also had to confirm the Brno agreements.

The contracts

In the “Treaty of Brno” (December 10, 1805) the French Emperor guaranteed Bavaria the “ hereditary royal dignity ”. Napoléon Bonaparte also rewarded Bavaria for his arms aid by expanding its territory. Bavaria was awarded the margraviate of Burgau , the "seven dominions" in Vorarlberg , the counties of Hohenems and Königsegg-Rothenfels , the (formerly Montforter ) dominions of Tettnang and Argen on Lake Constance, the imperial cities of Augsburg and Lindau , the remnants of the Eichstätt and Passau monasteries .

Baden was awarded by his "Treaty of Brno" (December 12, 1805) areas of the Breisgau in front of Austria with the city of Freiburg , as well as the rule of Heitersheim , the Landvogtei Ortenau , the city of Constance and a few other pieces of land on Lake Constance as well as imperial knighthood territories, whereas Kehl was to be ceded to France.

In its “Treaty of Brno” (December 11, 1805), Württemberg was awarded those territories of Swabian Austria that did not fall under Bavaria or Baden. These include the Grafschaft Hohenberg , the Landgraviate Nellenburg , the Landvogtei Schwaben , Ehingen an der Donau , the so-called "five Danube cities" ( Mengen , Munderkingen , Riedlingen , Saulgau - except for Waldsee ); it also received possessions of the ecclesiastical knightly orders of the German Order and the Order of St. John and also sovereignty over imperial knighthood territories.

↑ This means: Feldkirch , Neuburg , Grafschaft Sonnenberg , Bludenz , Montafon , Bregenz and Hohenegg . See Ulrich Nachbaur : Effects of the Bavarian reforms from 1806 to 1814 on Vorarlberg's administrative structures. In: 200 years of community organization in Vorarlberg . Bregenz 2009, ISBN 978-3-902622-10-5 , p. 371f.
↑ Alois Schmid (Ed.): The new Bavaria: State and politics. Handbook of Bavarian History, Volume 4. CH Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-50451-5 , p. 23
^ Wolfram Hauer: Local school development and urban living environment. The school system in Tübingen from its beginnings in the late Middle Ages to 1806. Steiner, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-515-07777-4 , p. 543