Vincent Rose

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Vinzenz Rose also Vincent Rose (* July 2, 1908 in Schönau ; † 1996 ) was a German Sinto , survivor of the Porajmos and co-founder of the civil rights movement of the Sinti and Roma .

parents house

Vinzenz Rose was born on June 2 in Schönau (Upper Silesia) as the son of Anton (born March 1, 1874 in Widamischel, died September 1, 1943 in Auschwitz) and his wife Lisetta Rose (born September 16, 1874, died in the Ravensbrück concentration camp ) born. The parents ran a cinema in Darmstadt . The Nazi authorities tried several times to force the family out of the Reichsfilmkammer , which amounted to a professional ban. After this measure was successful, the family moved to Frankenthal , where they bought a house.

In the intermission program of a family touring cinema, he appeared as the “violin artist Rosetti”. The cinema was closed by Nazi authorities in 1936, Jakob Bamberger recalled .

In the Nazi state

In 1940 the family escaped from their first attempt at deportation, which led them to Czechoslovakia . Between 1941 and 1942 he was constantly on the run with his brother. In 1942 they succeeded in obtaining forged identity papers in Saarbrücken and returned to their family, who now lived in Schwerin . A denunciation led to the arrest of Vinzenz Rose, he was taken to the Großstrelitz prison in Mecklenburg . This was followed by deportation to the " Auschwitz Gypsy Camp "; it is recorded in the main book under the number Z 3466 with the date of receipt March 15, 1943. His father is registered under the previous prisoner number Z 3465. With the date of April 29, 1943 there is another relocation to “Au”. His parents died there. He was able to send a slip from Auschwitz to his brother after impressing a guard with his violin playing. His brother visited him disguised as a foreign artist in a KdF entertainment group. The next known station is the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp , where it was moved for medical experiments.

In August 1943, a gas chamber for medical experiments on humans was put into operation in the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp . Otto Bickenbach and his assistant Helmut Rühl carried out poison gas tests with phosgene in this gas chamber from June to August 1944, after a series of tests in the summer of 1943 . More than 50 prisoners, mainly " gypsies ", who had been transferred from Auschwitz to Natzweiler-Struthof for medical experiments, were murdered in the course of these experiments.

Vinzenz Rose was transferred to the associated Neckarelz subcamp and was later able to escape from there. In Neckarelz he as well as many Sinti among others made Anton Rose and Silvester Lampert forced labor in the "command electric", which for the companies Siemens , AEG and Brown, Boveri & Cie on behalf of Daimler-Benz telephone system and power the underground factory, code name "Goldfish" created.

He was the only prisoner who managed to escape from the camp.

After 1945

In the early 1950s, Vinzenz Rose, together with his brother, organized the first approaches to a civil rights movement for Sinti in West Germany. Oskar Rose had already successfully hired a private detective to track down Robert Ritter . Both brothers testified in the preliminary investigation against Ritter.

In 1971 Vinzenz Rose founded the "Central Committee of the Sinti of West Germany", which was renamed the "Association of Sinti of Germany" a short time later. This association organized the first protest demonstration by Sinti in 1972.

In 1974 Rose financed the first memorial for Sinti and Roma on the former site of the "Auschwitz Gypsy Camp" from private funds. This memorial is the first to commemorate this genocide, the Porajmos , worldwide . These actions went largely unnoticed, with political parties and churches refusing to support them.

Rose was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit in 1978. On the occasion of the award ceremony, as chairman of the Association of Cinti Germanys, he stated that “the only right thing to do is to call him 'Cinto'”, as “Gypsies” are discriminatory.

Romani Rose , the long-time chairman of the Central Council of German Sinti and Roma founded in 1982 , is the son of Vincent's brother Oskar Rose.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Notation in: Romani Rose: Bürgerrechte für Sinti und Roma p. 88
  2. ↑ Notation: State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau in cooperation with the Documentation and Cultural Center of German Sinti and Roma, Heidelberg: Memorial book: The Sinti and Roma in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. Saur-Verlag, Munich et al. 1993, ISBN 3-598-11162-2 . P. 932
  3. ^ Tami Ensinger: The Roma and Sinti minority - with special consideration of the category of foreignness. on-line
  4. ↑ Names of the parents according to http://www.sintiundroma.de/sinti-roma/ns-voelkermord/vernichtung/ Resistance/flucht.html , dates of birth of the father according to the memorial book p. 932
  5. ↑ http://www.sintiundroma.de/content/downloads/Natzweiler/bio_rose.pdf , mother's life data http://www.chgs.umn.edu/museum/exhibitions/ravensbruck/rose.html
  6. ↑ http://www.sintiundroma.de/content/downloads/Natzweiler/bio_rose.pdf
  7. ↑ Jörg Boström, Uschi Dresing, Axel Grünewald, Jürgen Escher: The book of the Sinti. Berlin 1981, p. 158f.
  8. ↑ http://www.sintiundroma.de/sinti-roma/ns-voelkermord/vernichtung/verbindungen/flucht.html
  9. ↑ Memorial Book, p. 932
  10. ↑ Anita Geigges / Bernhard W. Wette: Gypsies Today. With a foreword by Eugen Kogon and greetings from Yul Brynner and others Bornheim-Merten, Lamuv 1979, p. 360
  11. ↑ Anita Geigges / Bernhard W. Wette: Gypsies Today. With a foreword by Eugen Kogon and greetings by Yul Brynner and others Bornheim-Merten, Lamuv 1979, p. 364
  12. ↑ u. a. Romani Rose: Civil rights for Sinti and Roma p. 88.
  13. ↑ Ernst Klee: Auschwitz, the Nazi medicine and its victims., Frankfurt am Main, 1997, p. 378ff.
  14. ↑ Romani Rose: Bürgerrechte für Sinti und Roma S. 88; Anita Geigges / Bernhard W. Wette: Gypsies Today. With a foreword by Eugen Kogon and greetings by Yul Brynner and others Bornheim-Merten, Lamuv 1979, p. 364
  15. ↑ A description of his flight and his working conditions can be found in: Georg Fischer, Arno Huth, State Association of German Sinti and Roma Baden-Württemberg, Neckarelz Concentration Camp Memorial: Fate of the Sinti and Roma: "- gone", farewell without return: persecution in of the region, forced labor in the Neckar camps: brochure accompanying the exhibition of the Baden-Württemberg State Association of German Sinti and Roma in the Neckarelz concentration camp memorial from July 7 to 21, 2002 online, Sniplets
  16. ^ Romani Rose, Walter Weiss: Sinti and Roma in the Third Reich. Göttingen 1991, p. 168.
  17. ↑ Wolfgang Wippermann (2005): Chosen victims ?: Shoah and Porrajmos in comparison: a controversy. Frank & Timme p. 76
  18. ^ Document reproduced in Anita Geigges / Bernhard W. Wette: Zigeuner heute. With a foreword by Eugen Kogon and greetings from Yul Brynner and others Bornheim-Merten, Lamuv 1979, p. 366
  19. ↑ Hohmann 1991, p. 167.
  20. ↑ Wippermann p. 74
  21. ↑ Gerhard Laaf, A Seventy-year-old Committed to the Cinti, in: Süddeutsche Zeitung, December 22, 1978.
personal data
SURNAME Rose, Vincent
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rose, Vincent
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Sinto, Porjamos survivor and civil rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH July 2, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Schönau
DATE OF DEATH 1996