Bird control

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A scarecrow

The Bird is a branch of the pest . It aims to scare off birds or prevent them from landing and nesting. In addition to the protection of seed and fruit on agricultural land measures to especially in inner cities Taubenabwehr or pigeon deterrent taken to the size of the populations of the pigeon ( Columba livia f. Domestica ) limit.

Defense measures

Nets and grids are effective defenses when carefully installed
Bird repellent tips - in this economical form only partially effective
In addition to the massive steel webbing and some lightning rods, a network of two parallel, thinner wires of the electrical defense system can be seen on the facade of the Aachen Cathedral .

Depending on the initial situation, different defense measures or a combination of these are used. Special features of the buildings and systems to be protected must be taken into account when selecting the defense measures.

Bird control in the city

  • mechanical means
    • Grids and nets
    • Bird defense tips (pigeon spikes)
    • Spirals
    • Tension wire systems
    • Adhesive gels
  • Electro defenses with exposed, tensioned wires
  • Scent gels, scent sprays and the like Ä.
  • optical measures
  • Offer nesting sites (pigeon houses) in accessible places and exchange eggs for dummies
  • Use of peregrine falcons
  • Use of the pigeon pill
  • Poisoning and shooting (in coordination with the responsible authorities)

However, some measures have little to no effectiveness. Mechanical measures that often do not require ongoing maintenance and can be applied with simple tools are considered effective and permanent.

The size of the street pigeon population is mainly determined by the availability of food and breeding grounds. By moving to pigeon houses, additional populations are created while breeding sites that become available are filled. The removal of eggs from pigeon houses can therefore often only limit the size of the new population. The attachment of optical measures is only effective locally and to a limited extent. Acoustic measures have often proven to be useless.

Protection of seeds in agriculture

To ward off bird damage after sowing, anthraquinone is offered as a dressing agent for the seeds (e.g. maize), among other things under the name Morkit. According to the Plant Protection Product Register, approval expired in 2009 after the EU rejected an application for approval as a plant protection product under Directive 91/414 / EEC. This was justified with the carcinogenic effect in animal experiments and the suspected carcinogenesis in humans.

Acoustic measures

Acoustic bird control measures are used in large, open areas, e.g. B. in agriculture, in viticulture and in bird strike protection at airports. The high-pitched whistling sound of ultrasound devices is intended to deter the birds, but it can also be heard by humans. Acoustic measures such as bang devices ( bird scarers ), ultrasound and bird screaming devices are controversial and can have a disruptive effect on residents and passers-by. The efficiency has also not yet been scientifically proven.

Reasons for repelling birds

Health hazards

Pigeon droppings on an unused balcony

Birds can be carriers of pests such as parasites as well as diseases . Infectious diseases such as ornithosis (parrot disease ) in particular can be transmitted to humans. Parasites from the plumage of pigeons and the pathogens present in pigeon droppings can lead to diseases, for example by contaminating food in markets and in open-air restaurants with pigeons.

Pigeon parasites can occasionally infect humans, for example when city pigeons nest in attics. This is reported particularly frequently by the pigeon tick ( Argas reflexus and other Argas species), and more rarely by other parasites such as pigeon fleas ( Ceratopsyllus columbae ), red bird mite ( Dermanyssus gallinae ), northern bird mite ( Ornithonyssus sylviarum ) and bed bug ( Cimex lectularius ).

Dust from bird droppings and Federteilchen can allergies cause: The "pigeon breeders lung" is on an allergic alveolitis based pneumonia .

Further problems

  • Birds can cause considerable harvest damage, for example by picking the grapes in viticulture . Vintners fear bird damage, especially in the vicinity of high-voltage lines and other preferred seating positions.
  • Bird strikes on aircraft can damage the engines and impair flight operations. Birds at airports cause significant economic damage and security threats.
  • Every city pigeon produces ten to twelve kilograms of excrement per year, which is corrosive and can damage not only historic buildings but also steel structures . Gutters blocked by nesting material and excrement can lead to moisture penetration.

Legal

The Hessian Administrative Court has classified feral domestic pigeons as pests , among other things , “if they occur in larger populations typical in practice”. As such, they may be fought and killed under certain conditions.

"Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has classified feral domestic pigeons as animal pests (health pests) in § 1 of the state ordinance for combating health pests of June 26, 1992 (GVOBl. M.-V. 1992 p. 37); also Saxony-Anhalt in § 1 of the ordinance on the detection and control of an infestation with animal pests of February 14, 1996 (GVBl. LSA 1996 p. 112). "

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bird control with CDs
  2. ↑ On the defense against birds in agriculture, p. 59
  3. ↑ Plant protection product register - register extract public part (according to §22 PMG 1997, Federal Law Gazette I No. 60)
  4. ↑ Federal Institute for Risk Assessment: BfR removes anthraquinone from the BfR recommendations for food packaging. BfR Opinion No. 005/2013 of February 12, 2013
  5. ↑ Mysterious whistle in the city Tages-Anzeiger, December 30, 2006 (archived website)
  6. ↑ Continuous sound as a method of bird defense / starling defense in viticulture (PDF; 84 kB)
  7. ↑ a b Documentation of a dispute about preventive, automatic continuous sound in vineyards , accessed on May 25, 2010
  8. ↑ Danger to health from pests ( memento of the original from January 7th, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.8 MB), accessed on October 13, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.urbanpestsbook.com
  9. ^ D. Haag-Wackernagel (2004): Health hazards posed by feral pigeons . In: Journal of Infection , Vol. 48 (4): 307-313. PMID 15066331
  10. ↑ [1]
  11. ↑ B. Foliage stone, D. Herold, H. Audring, I. book Holtz (1993): Nocturnal anaphylaxis by Argas reflexus (Pigeon tick). Allergology 16: 370-373.
  12. ^ Daniel Haag-Wackernagel & Radoslaw Spiewak (2004): Human infestation by pigeon fleas (Ceratopsyllus columbae) from feral pigeons. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 11: 343-346.
  13. ↑ H. Frickhinger (1937): The danger of the wild pigeons. Pest indicator (Berlin) 13:66.
  14. ↑ Leaflet on BK No. 4201: Exogenous allergic alveolitis (PDF), Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  15. ↑ Occupational disease No. 4201: Exogenous allergic alveolitis berufskrankheiten.de
  16. ↑ Andreas Albrecht, Peter fighters: Workers exposure to pigeon droppings. In: Hazardous substances - cleanliness. Air . 61, No. 3, 2001, pp. 91-99.
  17. ↑ Hessian Administrative Court in its judgment AZ: 8 A 396/10 of September 1, 2011.
  18. ↑ Dr. Alfred Scheidler: When poultry become a dangerous nuisance . In: Legal Tribune online September 2, 2011
  19. ↑ Hessian Administrative Court in its judgment AZ: 8 A 396/10 of September 1, 2011. Paragraph 35.

Web links

Commons : Bird Control  - Collection of images, videos and audio files