Bird's foot clover
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Bird's foot clover ( Trifolium ornithopodioides ), illustration |
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| Trifolium ornithopodioides | ||||||||||||
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Bird's foot clover ( Trifolium ornithopodioides ) is a species of plant from the genus Klee ( Trifolium ).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The bird's foot clover is an annual , herbaceous plant that reaches heights of between 5 and 20 centimeters. The bare stem is creeping, lying loosely on the ground.
The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is about 4 inches long. The leaf blade is three-ply. the leaflets are 0.4 to 1.4 centimeters long and 0.3 to 0.8 centimeters wide and heart-shaped and narrow towards the base. The leaf margin is finely indented. The tips of the leaflets are blunt or notched. The stipules are about 8 millimeters long, lanceolate and with a sharp tip.
Generative characteristics
The inflorescences are one to five-flowered and sit on up to 2 centimeters long inflorescence axes in the leaf axils. The bracts are about 1 millimeter long, lanceolate and hyaline . The 1 to 3 millimeter long, upright flower stalks can bend after the anthesis .
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The chalice is about 0.5 inches long. In the lower part it is tubular and ten-nerved. The calyx teeth are triangular, with a sharp point and longer than the calyx tube. The white or pink crown is 0.6 to 0.8 inches long and between 0.3 and 0.4 inches wide. The flag is elongated with a rounded tip and longer than the shuttle and wings.
The legumes are linear with a length of 6 to 10 millimeters and a width of 3 to 4 millimeters. The fruits contain five to nine seeds and protrude from the calyx. The legumes are slightly curved, venous and hairy. After the fruit has ripened, they tear open at two seams. The smooth and brown seeds are egg-shaped with a diameter of 1 and 2 millimeters.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
distribution
The distribution area of the bird's foot clover includes most of southern Europe , Algeria and Morocco , as well as the Balearic Islands and the Azores . Neophytic occurrences can be found in southern and western Australia, on New Zealand and the Chatham Islands and in South Africa.
The species is extremely rare in Germany. More recently, occurrences are only known from two areas on the North Frisian coast: on the Eiderstedt peninsula on dyke areas in Sankt Peter-Ording and, according to rumors, near the Westerhever lighthouse and further north-east.
Bird's foot clover grows on coastal slopes and roadsides.
Systematics
The first publication of Trifolium ornithopodioides was in 1753 by Carl von Linné . A synonym for Trifolium ornithopodioides L. is Trigonella ornithopodioides (L.) DC.
Trifolium ornithopodioides is the only species of the monotypical subsection Falcatula in the Lotoidea section within the genus Trifolium .
literature
- Michael Zohary, David Heller: The Genus Trifolium . The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities , Jerusalem 1984, ISBN 978-965-208-056-1 , pp. 68 f .
- John M. Gillett, Norman L. Taylor, M. Gillett: The World of Clovers . Iowa State University Press , Ames 2001, ISBN 978-0-8138-2986-9 , pp. 272 f .
Web links
- Datasheet of the species in LegumeWeb - ILDIS - World Database of Legumes , Version 10.01, 2005.
- Trifolium ornithopodioides L., bird's foot clover. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Bird's foot clover . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
Individual evidence
- ↑ To save these deposits, the dyke heightening of the time was even paused in the 80s. - Willi Christiansen, Hans-Lothar Kohn: The flora of Eiderstedts . Hrsg .: Heimatbund Landschaft Eiderstedt (= Heimatbund Landschaft Eiderstedt and North Frisian Association [Hrsg.]: Eiderstedter Hefte . No. 4 ). Dreilanden-Verlag, St. Peter-Ording 1998, ISBN 978-3-929860-09-2 . and Trifolium ornithopodioides L., bird's foot clover. In: FloraWeb.de. with 3 references for the Eiderstedt peninsula (grid field 1617) from the period 1961–2007
- ↑ Trifolium ornithopodioides L., Bird's foot clover. In: FloraWeb.de. with 2 references for grid field 1419 from the period 1961–1985