Waverley Abbey
| Waverley Cistercian Abbey | |
|---|---|
|
|
| location |
 United Kingdom England Surrey
 |
| Coordinates: | 51 ° 11 '59 " N , 0 ° 45' 33" W |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
36 |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1128 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1536 |
| Mother monastery | L'Aumône monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Citeaux monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
Garendon Abbey |
Waverley Abbey (Waverleia) is a former Cistercian abbey about 3 km southeast of Farnham in Surrey in England , south of the A 3001 road to Elstead , in a bend in the River Wey .
history
The monastery was founded by William Giffard , Bishop of Winchester , in 1128 as the first Cistercian monastery in England and on the British Isles. It was a subsidiary of the monastery L'Aumône in France and thus belonged to the filiation of Cîteaux . Among the benefactors of the monastery were Queen Adelheid von Löwen , King Stephen and Heinrich von Blois , the younger brother of King Stephen. In 1187 the monastery had 70 monks and 120 lay brothers. The original construction was completed in 1201. The complex was rebuilt during the 13th century: from 1203 to 1278 a larger church and a new cloister were built. The kings Johann Ohneland and Heinrich III. visited the monastery in 1208 and 1225. Due to the risk of flooding, the facility was raised by almost 2 m until the 15th century. In 1536 the monastery was dissolved, now inhabited by only 13 monks and whose annual income amounted to 174 pounds, and which was transferred to Sir William Fitzwilliam, the later Earl of Southampton. Around 300 m north of the monastery, the manor house called Waverley was built in Georgian - Palladian style from 1725 after a considerable part of the stones had already been used for Sir William More's mansion Loseley Park (built from 1562 to 1568). Further demolitions took place from 1771 to 1786. Extensive excavations took place from 1899 to 1902, but the remains of the wall were then filled in again. In the following time the plant became state property; it is looked after by English Heritage .
Buildings and plant
The basement under the lay refectory and the outer walls of the monks' dormitory in the south with three large lancet windows have been preserved. Parts of the north, south and west walls of the north, south and west walls of the cross-shaped church with an access choir and ten-bay nave have been preserved. The enclosure was south of the church with the chapter house in the east, a preserved, barrel-vaulted smaller room adjoining the chapter house, in the south of which a large monks dormitory, monks and lay refectory on the south side, as well as another courtyard in the west, on which the guest house was, to the south the lay hospital was set off, while the monks' hospital was moved east from the cloister. The abbot's house was behind him. The brewery was in the far west.
literature
- Anthony New: A guide to the Abbeys of England and Wales. Constable & Company, London 1985, ISBN 0-09-463520-X , pp. 409-410.
