League hour

This article explains the distance, for legal regulations see travel expenses , for the dimension for hiking trails see especially the calculation of the walking time .

Distance information in hours on the Kursächsische Postmeile column (1734) in Glashütte

A journey hour , also known as an hour of travel , is a measure of the distance that a traveler covers in one hour , assuming a certain speed .

Historical distance

Insprug with the area to 2 hours (approx. 1700), top left the scale mark Eine Stund Reiʃens , right a common German mile

On average, a walker needs 12–15 minutes for one kilometer “at normal walking pace ”  , that is, he walks 4–5 km in one hour (goes at 4–5 km / h). Therefore, the measure was typically 3 ¾ – 5 km, about half a mile (geographic mile 7.4 to land mile 10 km). This information was already established in antiquity via the standardization of the march speed as a calculable quantity in military strategy and tactics. In fact, the mile and the double step ( passus , the double step denotes the - easily measurable - distance between the left and right footprints) are directly related as a Roman measure of the distance ( milia passuum , per thousand steps'), and the mile develops over and above the evolution of the definition of the hour to values ​​completely different from the Roman mile (1.4 km). From the early modern era onwards, locally standardized units of measurement of the distance hours followed.

historical signpost (1833) with distance information in league hours in Rathmannsdorf

• In Switzerland , until the end of 1876, the league hour ( French lieue itinéraire ) was legally 16,000  feet , i.e. 4.8 km.
• In Saxony , as part of the Second Saxon State Survey by Adam Friedrich Zürner, the "hour" was set as a standard distance measurement in 1722. The following applies: 1 hour's journey = 4.531 km = ½  mile . The distance measurement of the hour was used in the establishment of the Saxon post distance and post mile columns and arm columns until 1840 and also for the signposts in the 19th century.
• Bavaria : 1 league hour / postal or geometric hour = ½ mile = 12703 feet (Bavarian) = 3707.49 meters
• Grand Duchy of Baden 1 hour's walk = ½ mile = 14814 22/27 feet = 4444 4/9 meters
• French. East India 1 hour away / Courosame = 2 ½ Najigurés = 2000 Vilcadés = 4157.96 meters
• Spain the new way hour since 1769: 1 way hour / Legua nuova = 8000 Varas = 6680 meters

There are numerous regional definitions of the hour away or travel hour .

There are numerous specifications:

• as a riding lesson that is ⅔ to ¾ miles. It is derived from the pace of the horse (its relaxed gait), which is not significantly above the walking speed of humans (so there is also a gallop lesson for fast riding, for example in the courier business ).
• as a carriage lesson . The average speed of a carriage was, provided you could use a highway , i.e. a well-developed route, around 15 km / h.

Both details were just as common in the military as they were in the historical postal system .

Historically, the difference between the number of hours traveled and the day's journey is approximately etwa, for 10 hours of riding 14–15 hours a day should be estimated.

Modern variants of the way hour

Route and travel time information on a GPS navigation system: 119 ^km  / 2:57 ^h , with time and arrival time

Modern variants are for example:

• the hour by car , as it is needed to determine the duration of the trip in travel planning . It has become particularly important in the navigation equipment and route planner industry. The exact mode is a company secret of the manufacturer, empirical values ​​(on the part of the device testers) show that generally the local recommended or maximum speed depending on road conditions, a moderate driving style, but no traffic obstructions are used. More modern, integrated devices allow the actual speed of travel according to the speedometer to flow into it, the development is also moving towards the recording of traffic jams by means of online news service or TMC technology, which allows more precise travel time information .
• the bus hour in public transport . This is well below the hour by car to allow for the stops
• the flight hour in air traffic, historically around 215-300 km / h (1930s), depending on local custom, in modern air traffic it is significantly higher: It also plays a role in the calculation of the flight time limits (FLT), i.e. the working hours of the flight crew.
• the walking time also plays a central role in planning the route in mountaineering and sports, here find an elevation difference in particular, and consistently steepness dependent hour's walk in the march Time calculation input
• analogously, there is a walking or walking minute for short distances (1 minute walk = 80–100  meters ). The specification is common in tourism.

See also

• Old weights and measures
• Leuge
• Cruising speed , with a table by means of transport

Web links

Wiktionary: Way hour  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

1. ↑ See about travel hour . In: Krünitz: Economic Encyclopedia of 1858 , online uni-trier.de; there "11421 French feet , and 30 make a degree ."
2. ↑ ^{a b c} G. Buchner: The most worth knowing from the measure, weight u. Coin history in tabular form with special consideration of the Bavarian. Measurement and weight system. Self-published by the author, Paul'sche Buchdruckerei, Günzburg 1853, pp. 19, 58, 59, 61.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Johann Rośkiewicz: Studies on Bosnia and Herzegovina, the. Brockhaus, 1868, p. 2 limited preview in the Google book search
4. ↑ See for example Daniel Lüders: Leiten mit System. With new navigation technology in the fast lane. c't 26/08 ( reading sample online )
5. ↑ FTL Requirements: Flight Time Limitations (FTL) , flightimelimits.com