White bedstraw

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
White bedstraw
White bedstraw (Galium album)

White bedstraw ( Galium album )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Enzianartige (Gentianales)
Family : Red family (Rubiaceae)
Genre : Bedstraws ( Galium )
Type : White bedstraw
Scientific name
Galium album
Mill.

The white bedstraw ( Galium album ) is a species of the red family (Rubiaceae). It is very common in Central Europe and grows mainly in fat meadows and semi- ruderal locations .

features

The white bedstraw is a perennial herbaceous plant, a hemicryptophyte and reaches heights of 30 to 100 cm. It forms deep roots . The stems are prostrate to ascending, thin, tender and square. Spiky bristles on the stem are missing. The leaves are single-veined or only indistinctly veined, linear and three to six times as long as they are wide. They are suddenly narrowed into the short spike tip and stand in whorls of 4 to 10 leaves.

White bedstraw flowers
Whorled leaves of a white bedstraw

The flower stalks are not hair-thin and 1 to 3 mm long. The crown is white, 3 to 4 mm wide and has no clear tube. The corolla lobes are not evenly pointed and have a fine, attached spike tip. Flowering time is June to September, pollination is mainly carried out by two-winged birds (Diptera). The flowers are proterandric .

The dry fruit breaks up into two single-seeded partial fruits, is egg-shaped and slightly wrinkled. The fruit stalks are at an acute angle to the axis, which makes the fruit stand appear crowded.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 44, the species is tetraploid .

Distribution and locations

The white bedstraw is native to the ocean-toned areas of Eurasia.

It grows in meadows, semi-arid lawns, in bushes and dry forest fringes, on roadsides and rubble spots and is preferred on dry to fresh, nutrient-rich soils. Galium album rises up to the montane elevation and occurs up to 2100 m. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part near Holzgau up to an altitude of 1850 meters. It is a character species of the association of the valley fat meadows (Arrhenaterion elatioris), but also occurs in several other associations and classes, for example in the Trifolion medii, Mesobromion, Thlaspietea rotundifolii, Alno-Ulmion minoris and Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae.

Systematics

Within the genus Labkräuter ( Galium ), the white bedstraw belongs to the species group Galium mollugo agg. = Galium ser. Erecta Pobed.

The following subspecies can be distinguished within the species Galium album :

  • Galium album subsp. album : It occurs from Europe to western Siberia and from North Africa to northeastern Sudan.
  • Galium album subsp. Honoring amani . & Finishing Tem. : It occurs from southern Turkey to Lebanon.
  • Galium album subsp. prusense (K.Koch) Honorable. & Krendl : It occurs on the southeastern Balkan Peninsula, on the Crimea and from northern Turkey to Transcaucasia.
  • Thick meadow rennet ( Galium album subsp. Pycnotrichum (Haw. Ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Krendl ; Syn .: Galium pycnotrichum Haw. Ex Schult. & Schult.f. ): It comes from eastern Central Europe and Southeastern Europe to western Turkey in front.
  • Galium album subsp. suberectum (Klokov) Michalk. : It occurs in Ukraine in the south-eastern Carpathians.

literature

In addition to the sources listed in the individual references, the article is based on the following documents:

  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  765-766 .
  2. ↑ Erich Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora . 7th edition, Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 515.
  4. ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Galium album. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 21, 2017.

Web links

Commons : White Bedstraw  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files